The concept of permissible electrical power for an apartment and ways to increase it

After purchasing a home on the secondary real estate market, first of all, new owners, as a rule, change the wiring. In the process, it turns out that replacing the input circuit breaker is not so simple. If to install a model of the same type it is enough to call the electricians of the company providing the services, then to connect an AV with a large rated current, you need to submit an application so that the allocated electrical power is increased. Detailed information on this issue is provided below.

What is “dedicated electrical power”?

If we explain the meaning of this term in simple language, then the allocated (or permitted) power is the maximum permissible load on the consumer’s network. It is established in accordance with current standards and is indicated in the electricity supply contract.

Those who want to understand this issue in detail should have an idea of ​​connected, installed, one-time and permitted capacity. Let's give a brief definition of each of them:

• Connected , this term means the total installed power of all electrical receivers powered from the consumer's network.
• Installed - rated active power specified in the technical documentation for electrical equipment, that is, that at which consumer devices will operate in normal mode.
• One-time – the estimated amount of power consumption of electrical installation equipment for a certain time.
• Allocated (allowed) – the maximum one-time power that a consumer can connect to the energy supply company’s network. This parameter is indicated in the specifications for connecting energy-receiving facilities and in the agreement between the consumer and the organization supplying electricity.

Medvedev shifted responsibility for introducing social norms to the regions

Government materials emphasize that following the implementation of pilot projects in the Rostov and Oryol regions, 80-90% of families fully met the social norm. At the same time, in four regions (Trans-Baikal and Krasnoyarsk territories, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod regions), where the size of the social norm and electricity tariffs were not revised in accordance with the resolution, “there is a deterioration in the situation of households consisting of one person.” For example, in the Trans-Baikal Territory, only 9% of households of single consumers fit into the social norm.

In addition, according to the prime minister, it will be necessary to do some work, especially in relation to socially vulnerable categories of citizens (large families, rural residents, single pensioners, residents of dilapidated and dilapidated houses, etc.). For this category, it will be possible to agree on the introduction of exceptions to the rules. Also D.

What are the dangers of exceeding the permitted power?

Currently, when it detects that the maximum load has been exceeded, the electric company introduces a consumption limitation mode. The basis for this is a violation of the obligations specified in the energy supply agreement. As a rule, limiting consumption is turning off the electric current. The algorithm for sending such a notification is shown in the figure.

Example of a consumer notice

After 10 days after sending the notice, the company disconnects the power supply. To avoid this, the consumer must eliminate the violation within ten days, and then contact the service provider to draw up the appropriate report. Electricity supply will be restored after the electric company pays the penalty in accordance with the contract.

More serious consequences may arise if, in addition to violating the amount of allocated energy, an accusation of uncontrolled electricity consumption is brought forward. The basis for this will be the removal of seals from the input machine. You can get more detailed information about the consequences of uncontrolled electricity consumption, electricity metering rules, etc. on our website.

Seal on the introductory machine (marked in red)

In what cases is payment prescribed according to the standard when an electric meter is installed?

In some situations, consumers who pay for electricity according to individual meter readings may be subject to payment according to standards. This is possible if:

• there is a malfunction of the electric meter;
• the consumer does not report meter readings to the energy supply company;
• representatives of the controlling organization are not provided with regulated access to the meter;
• The device was disabled intentionally.

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If the consumer does not report data on actual electricity readings, according to current legislative norms, within three months the amount of payment is determined based on the average indicators for the previous six months. Starting from the fourth month, an invoice is presented at standard prices obtained by calculation, based on the tariffs and standards approved in the region.

Some tariff standards per person for regions of the Russian Federation

Cases of failure of the electric meter must be confirmed by a corresponding report drawn up by representatives of energy supervision, indicating the reasons for the failure.

Note! Metering devices can be used only until the expiration of the scheduled verification, without which the use of the electric meter is not permitted.

The consumer must control the planned verification period by ensuring access for representatives of the controlling organization to dismantle the device for the purpose of verification work.

Rules and regulations

Electrification of any facility is carried out in accordance with the specifications developed by the company providing electricity supply services. One of the paragraphs of this document indicates the parameters of allocated power for the consumer network. The energy supply company forms technical specifications based on the declared capacity, justified by calculations.

When electrifying residential and public buildings, they are guided by SP 31 110 2003 and temporary instructions PM 2696 01. According to these documents, residential buildings belonging to the 1st category are not standardized in terms of power allocation. That is, if there is a technical possibility, then the technical specifications for connecting such facilities are formed on the basis of the submitted application.

For residential buildings of the 2nd category, two electrification standards are provided:

1. 5 - 7 kW, for a private house or apartment, with gas stoves.
2. 8 – 11 kW – with electric stoves.

At the same time, the lower threshold for power allocation is provided for small-sized apartments in houses built under the social housing program. Note that these standards were established relatively recently; for electrical installations of residential buildings built before 2006, they were lower.

Definition of consumption

Good afternoon.
Tell me, on what regulatory documents are they based on designing power for an apartment? And what values ​​should be included at the project stage for the allocated power per apartment with an electric stove? Our management company says that 6.5 kW has been allocated per apartment. Good afternoon In apartment buildings with an electric stove, the power should be higher. If we talk about regulations, then pay attention to the table in section 6.1 “C water rules for design and construction” SP 31-110-2003. You can help, for example, here.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=https:Lco0POnPsxk

They brought documents from the Developer, in which the same allocated power of 10 kW is indicated for 1-2-3-room apartments. A logical question arises: do 1-2-3-room apartments have the same number of consumers? For one-room apartments this is normal, but with three-room apartments I foresee great difficulties.

Hob - 7290 W. Coffee machine - 1400 W. Dishwasher - 1100 W. Hood - 100 W. Refrigerator - 200 W. Washing machine - 800 W. Air conditioner - 1500 W. Lighting 200 W. TV - 100 W. Storage water heater - 2000 W .Total consumers in the kitchen 14690 W.

. this predetermined an increase in the electrical load of urban development facilities. For this reason, in order to clarify RD 34.20.185-94, new “Standards for determining the design loads of buildings, cottages, residential areas and elements of urban distribution networks” are regulated. The given standards are based on a different one from RD 34.20.

185-94 gradation of housing. In particular, the average area of ​​a standard apartment is 70 square meters. m (35-90 sq. m), luxury apartments according to individual projects - 150 sq. m. m (100-300 sq. m). In this case, the specific load of one apartment is determined based on the installed power of the entire set of electrical household appliances used in the apartment for a typical building - 32.6 kW, for an elite building - 39.6 kW. 3.2.

To select metering devices and protection devices at the entrance to apartments, the following design load values ​​should be taken: - for houses with gas stoves 5.5 - 7.0 kW / apartment. - for houses with electric stoves 8.8 - 11 kW / apartment. Lower values ​​are accepted for residential buildings with small-sized social apartments, built in accordance with the resolution of the Moscow Government dated June 29, 1999. No. 325. To select protection devices on the power line of an electric stove, it is recommended to take the design load value equal to 7 kW (32A).

Basic power standards for electricity are allocated by law in accordance with SNiP 31-02. This document contains the basic provisions about what the consumption limit is, how many kilowatts are allocated to an apartment and private housing according to the “Rules for Electrical Installations” (PUE) and GOST standards for installing RCDs, marking wiring, and installing devices for metering electricity consumption in a residential building. Here are some basic points.

Moreover, for apartments with a high level of comfort, the design load on the apartment is usually determined by the customer. An increase in energy consumption above established standards is possible only after completing design and installation work to modernize electrical wiring in accordance with the planned commissioning of additional capacities. After completing the work, the plan for the updated electrical network in the apartment should be submitted to the state energy supervision authorities.

If it is necessary to modernize the electrical wiring in the apartment, it is recommended to contact the above-mentioned organization or company that has a license to perform electrical installation work and has proven itself in the service market.

• connected - the sum of the power indicators of all electrical equipment connected to the network;
• installed - indicated in the documentation for the equipment and provides for the functioning of the devices in normal mode;
• one-time - determined based on calculations of the power consumption of devices for a specific period of time;
• temporary or permitted - the maximum indicator that the energy supply company provides to the user.

The sequence of the procedure is similar to the algorithm for private users. Only the documents differ. An ordinary citizen presents a passport, and a legal entity presents constituent papers. They are certified with a wet round seal and the signature of an authorized person.

1. Reduce household consumption by refusing to operate a piece of equipment at a time, which may cause some discomfort.
2. Contact your electricity supplier for additional capacity.

• Documents of the owner of a residential building confirming his identity and rights to real estate.
• Help indicating the current value of the electrical load. As mentioned above, it must be obtained from the electricity supply company.
• An agreement with a service provider, which specifies the cost of electricity and the current volume of its consumption.
• The act of delineating operational responsibilities. Fragment of a standard act of delineation of book value
• Floor plan and electrification project. If you order it, you will have to pay about $200 - $1000 for it.

To simply account for electricity consumption, you need to take the data from the readings of the electricity meter assigned to your facility, subtract the readings from the previous month from them and obtain data on consumption as a whole.

The obtained data on consumed kilowatt-hours must be multiplied by the rate for 1 kilowatt in the consumer’s region.

Important! On most meters, the reading window displays fractions of kWh. When recording the readings of your meter, you need to mark only the whole part, otherwise the bill for the “consumed” electricity will be inadequate.

If there is no meter, we turn to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings” dated May 6, 2011 No. 354 in the current version.

In this document, Appendix No. 2, paragraph 4a, contains the formula for calculating electricity consumption for apartments and houses not equipped with metering devices. The number of citizens living in the apartment, the consumption standard and the tariff for the utility resource are taken into account. If it is technically possible to install a meter, but is not installed, then a correction factor is added to the calculations.

If we explain the meaning of this term in simple language, then the allocated (or permitted) power is the maximum permissible load on the consumer’s network. It is established in accordance with current standards and is indicated in the electricity supply contract.

Those who want to understand this issue in detail should have an idea of ​​connected, installed, one-time and permitted capacity. Let's give a brief definition of each of them:

• Connected, this term means the total installed power of all electrical receivers powered from the consumer's network.
• Installed - rated active power specified in the technical documentation for electrical equipment, that is, that at which consumer devices will operate in normal mode.
• One-time – the estimated amount of power consumption of electrical installation equipment for a certain time.
• Allocated (allowed) – the maximum one-time power that a consumer can connect to the energy supply company’s network. This parameter is indicated in the specifications for connecting energy-receiving facilities and in the agreement between the consumer and the organization supplying electricity.

Electrification of any facility is carried out in accordance with the specifications developed by the company providing electricity supply services. One of the paragraphs of this document indicates the parameters of allocated power for the consumer network. The energy supply company forms technical specifications based on the declared capacity, justified by calculations.

When electrifying residential and public buildings, they are guided by SP 31 110 2003 and temporary instructions PM 2696 01. According to these documents, residential buildings belonging to the 1st category are not standardized in terms of power allocation. That is, if there is a technical possibility, then the technical specifications for connecting such facilities are formed on the basis of the submitted application.

For residential buildings of the 2nd category, two electrification standards are provided:

1. 5 - 7 kW, for a private house or apartment, with gas stoves.
2. 8 – 11 kW – with electric stoves.

At the same time, the lower threshold for power allocation is provided for small-sized apartments in houses built under the social housing program. Note that these standards were established relatively recently; for electrical installations of residential buildings built before 2006, they were lower.

How do you know how much power is allocated?

Those who do not know the amount of permitted power for a house or apartment can use the following ways to obtain information:

1. Get a certificate from the energy supply company. It should be taken into account that such a service is considered paid; for example, at Mosenergosbyt you will have to pay from 1.3 to 3.1 thousand rubles for it, depending on the category of the residential property.
2. Look for the required parameter in the energy supply contract or technical specifications.
3. Obtain information empirically by looking at the parameters of the input protective device. The fact is that in most cases, in addition to its direct functions, it plays the role of a power limiter. To set its maximum value, it is enough to find out the operating current of the machine.

Operating current parameters (marked in red)

The figure shows a diffautomatic machine with an operating current of 32 A (Inom). Therefore, the maximum permissible load power can be calculated using the formula: Pmax = U x Inom x 0.8; where U is the rated network voltage. Therefore, 230 x 32 x 0.8 ≈ 5.5 kW.

Of all the options presented, the most reliable is the first, especially since a certificate will still be needed if you plan to increase the allocated power (it is included in the package of necessary documents).

Calculations based on the operating current of the input circuit breaker should not be trusted too much. Some models of modern electronic meters have a built-in load relay. In such cases, the rated current of the machine may be overestimated.

Calculation of required power

This calculation will be needed to understand whether the amount of allocated electrical power for an apartment or house will be sufficient. To do this, you will need to calculate the maximum load by summing up the corresponding parameters of all consumer electrical installations. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account all household electrical appliances that can be turned on at the same time.

As a rule, all the necessary information is indicated on a sticker affixed to the equipment body or is given in the documentation. If the sticker has become unreadable and the technical data sheet has been lost, you can use the table that shows the typical active power of household equipment.

Table of approximate power consumption of various household appliances

Having calculated the total consumption, do not rush to consider the work completed; it is necessary to add a reserve, taking into account a possible increase in load over time. As a rule, the size of the reserve is set at 20-30% of the calculated parameters.

By adding these two values, we get a result that can be compared with the allowed power. If it turns out to be less than the calculated load, it makes sense to think about applying for an additional 1 kW or 3 kW. Details about adding additional kilowatts will be discussed below.

How many kilowatts of electricity are available per apartment?

The allocated power means the maximum electricity consumed per unit of time. You can find out the electricity limit for the premises by contacting the servicing energy sales company. The organization will provide data in the form of an official paper on the allocated and average energy consumed. The paper will be useful when registering an increase in the installed power in the apartment.

To calculate the number of kilowatts of energy that will be required for an apartment, you need to add up the power characteristics of all operating devices. In calculations, it is recommended to use this table for convenience.

The resulting amount is the installed capacity. In the case when, when adding up all energy consumers, the result is a number greater than the allocated limit, you need to think about increasing the amount of installed energy per room.

To reduce current consumption at a constant power parameter, it is recommended to switch to a three-phase network, which will allow the electricity consumption of devices to be evenly divided into three phases.

It is prohibited to increase power indicators by changing machines to larger ones. Otherwise, a fire may occur.

You also need to consider the number of devices running at the same time. There is an indicator called power utilization factor, the optimal value of which for a home is up to 1.

How to increase the allocated power?

Unfortunately, electrical energy consumption standards do not keep pace with the growth of active load. More and more household energy-receiving devices are appearing in residential premises, the simultaneous operation of which triggers the thermal protection of the input AV. There are only two ways out of this situation:

1. Reduce household consumption by refusing to operate a piece of equipment at a time, which may cause some discomfort.
2. Contact your electricity supplier for additional capacity.

Since consuming less electricity is not an option, the last option is the most rational. Let's consider how to increase the amount of electricity for individuals and legal entities. Let's start with the first ones.

For a private person

The algorithm of actions can be divided into the following stages:

1. Preparation of necessary documents.
2. Drawing up a project for the electrification of a residential building.
3. The process of coordinating the developed project with the company providing services regarding the possibility of technological connection or increasing electrical power.
4. Approval of the project by the local Energonadzor authority.
5. Inspection of the electrical installation, followed by drawing up a corresponding report and approval certificate confirming the readiness of the facility for operation under new conditions of power supply to power-receiving installations. The report is drawn up by an employee of the electric company, and the approval certificate is drawn up by a representative of Energonadzor.
6. The completed documents are sent to the electric company, after which it increases the permissible load (power allocated).

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Now we list the package of necessary documents, they are almost identical to those needed when connecting electricity:

• Documents of the owner of a residential building confirming his identity and rights to real estate.
• Help indicating the current value of the electrical load. As mentioned above, it must be obtained from the electricity supply company.
• An agreement with a service provider, which specifies the cost of electricity and the current volume of its consumption.
• The act of delineating operational responsibilities.

  
  Fragment of a standard act of delineation of book value

• Floor plan and electrification project. If you order it, you will have to pay about $200 – $1000 for it.

As a rule, the company developing the project simultaneously offers services for its implementation. In some cases, it makes sense to use their help so as not to waste time.

For legal entities and enterprises

Technically, the procedure for allocating additional capacity for legal entities and private individuals is practically no different. The difference lies in the package of necessary documents. For example, instead of identity documents, it is necessary to prepare constituent documents.

Each certificate, agreement, photocopy of a document, etc. must be certified with the round seal of the consumer enterprise and the signature of the responsible person.

Electricity metering

Accounting for electricity consumption can be done in two ways. The first of them is carried out by taking readings from an electric meter installed in a residential area and sealed.

The second - in the event that there is no meter, accounting is carried out according to the standard established by law, namely paragraph 33 of Government Decree No. 614 of July 22, 2013, which reads: “In the absence of an individual, common (apartment) or room metering device when calculating fees for utility service for electricity supply to the volume of electrical energy consumption determined on the basis of the consumption standards of the utility service for electricity supply, the social norm is applied with a reducing factor “K”, with the exception of cases where the consumer provides an inspection report confirming the lack of technical feasibility of installing a meter in the corresponding residential premises.

What it is

During capital construction during the USSR, for example in Khrushchev buildings, i.e. In most of the residential premises that are still in use today, even at the design stage, the allocated power was 1.5 kW per apartment. Later, the established electricity rate increased to 3 kW, as it became necessary to increase it due to the increased “gluttony” of consumers. Practice shows that 10-16 Ampere plugs were usually installed in electrical panels and meters, so that the maximum current consumed by an apartment was limited to a total electrical power of 3 kW for apartments with a gas stove. For apartments where an electric stove is installed, 7 kW is allocated. In new buildings, the allocated power can reach up to 15 kW. This scatter is due to the fact that during the construction of old houses (60s, 70s) there simply were not such powerful consumers and as many household appliances as there are now.

The allocated power is the maximum amount of electricity consumed at one point in time.

In addition, in order to enter the established limit, sometimes you need to enter not just 1 phase, as often happens, but as many as 3 phases. This is necessary for connecting modern household appliances, such as powerful electric boilers and electric stoves. This is especially true in commercial premises and industries of any scale, where a lot of electricity is needed (up to 30 kW and above).

Example . To heat a country house that is not equipped with gas equipment, solid fuel and electric boilers are installed, the latter are safer and more convenient. For heating a house with an area of ​​100 sq.m. you need a boiler with a power of about 7-10 kW, an electric stove consumes another 3-5 kW. In total, it is necessary to increase the established electricity limit to a minimum of 15 kW and supply electricity in three phases.

To find out the allocated power for a private house or apartment, you need to contact the operating organization (in Moscow and the region - this is Mosenergosbyt OJSC). The help contains information about the allocated and average power consumption. It will be needed if you are preparing documents for an increase; this will be discussed in detail below.

Calculation example

Let's take for example a house with a total area of ​​80 m2, where a family of four lives. The house has three rooms, a kitchen, a corridor and a bathroom. The rooms use two lamps, each with a 60-watt incandescent lamp. Total - 120 watts per room and 120*3=360 watts for 3 rooms. One 60-watt lamp is used in the kitchen, hallway and bathroom. Total - another 180 watts. Summarizing, we get 540 watt/hour for lighting only.

Let us now calculate the required power for the operation of devices that are constantly turned on or are used very often. A refrigerator, TV and computer consume an average of 0.5 kW. Electric water heater - about 1 kW. Electric kettle - about 1 kW.

Let's add to this the power of devices that are rarely turned on. Washing machine - 2 kW. Dishwasher - approximately 1.5 kW. Moreover, the operation of these devices at maximum power never occurs simultaneously.

Total: 6.5 kW.

Calculation of required power

To determine how much electricity you need, you need to add up the power of all consumers. For example:

• water heating tank (boiler) – 1-2 kW;
• refrigerator – 1 kW;
• air conditioner – 2.5 kW;
• Computer – 0.4 kW;
• Lighting – 0.1-1 kW;
• And etc.

This is called Pust - installed power, i.e. sum of kW of all consumers. In this case, more than 5 kW is already needed, which means that the allocated power of 3 kW is simply not enough. To reduce current consumption at the same power, it is worth switching to a 3-phase network. This will make it possible to distribute consumers into three phases. And a powerful load (more than 5 kW) cannot be connected in one phase, this is prohibited by the PUE (and a modern electric stove can consume 9 kW).

Important! Do not increase maximum power by replacing automatic transmissions or larger plugs. More than 25 Amperes should not be used at home at all, unless the wiring is replaced with new ones (with the appropriate cable cross-section). The circuit breaker protects the electrical wiring; if it does not operate on time, the wiring will begin to melt and a fire may occur. If you have replaced the wiring with a more powerful one (in houses and apartments above 2.5 mm 2 are rarely installed) - this is not a guarantee of reliable operation. In old apartments, a 2.5-4 mm 2 aluminum wire comes from the panel. It can burn out easily.

In this case, you should take into account how many devices you turn on at the same time. There is such a thing as “power utilization factor”; for residential premises it is 0.8-0.9. The numbers may vary depending on how you use your electricity. In non-residential premises and in production, Usage tends to 1.

Pout=Kisp*Pust

Selection of the “Calm” voltage stabilizer model for home protection

So, having data on the allocated power, you can easily select a suitable voltage stabilizer model to protect the entire electrical system in the house.

When choosing a stabilizer model for centralized connection of electrical appliances, you need to pay attention to its technical capabilities. For example, it is important that the device has terminal blocks through which it can be easily connected to the mains.

The design should also be taken into account. If the stabilizer will be installed next to the electrical panel, then it must be able to be wall mounted. The noise level is important when installing the device in a residential area.

Selection according to the nominal value of the introductory machine

Stabilizer for single-phase network

For example, a 220 V network with a permissible output power of 5.5 kW is installed in a house with a 25 A input circuit breaker installed. In this case, wall-mounted IS7000 voltage stabilizer models with an output power of 7000 VA / 5000 W or IS1106RT for floor or rack installation are ideal with output power 6 kVA / 5.4 kW.

Stabilizer for three-phase network

Another example. A three-phase network of 380 V for 15 kW was installed in a private house. In this case, each phase accounts for 5 kW. Accordingly, three 25 A single-phase circuit breakers are installed in the electrical panel. In this case, there are several options to protect the entire electrical system of the house.

Selection depending on the total load power

You can also select the necessary voltage stabilizer model for centralized home protection based on the total power consumption of the load that is currently connected or planned in the future.

For example, in a house with a 220 V network, the following single-phase electrical appliances are installed, to which a voltage stabilizer must be connected:

To this amount it is necessary to add a 30 percent margin (6200 x 1.3), since when the mains voltage drops, the output power of the stabilizer will decrease, which can lead to its overload and switching to bypass mode. Therefore, the required output power of the stabilizer will be at least 8000 W.

If you choose from the line of inverter voltage stabilizers of the InStab series, then single-phase models are well suited for this example:

• IS10000 10 kVA/9 kW for wall installation;
• IS10000RT 10 kVA/9 kW for floor or rack mounting.

How to increase allocated power

Private person

The first step is to collect a package of documents. It’s worth starting with obtaining technical specifications and developing an electrical project. A power supply project for an installation is a set of technical documentation made in accordance with GOSTs and state regulations. It can only be performed by organizations with the required license. And here you will need a floor plan, it can be ordered from design studios, a certificate of the amount of allocated energy, technical specifications, etc. Certain points can be discussed individually or the designer will visit the site to familiarize himself with the task.

The next step is coordination of the project with energy supply organizations. Next, the installation is tested and its compliance with the design. If the object does not comply with the project, it is necessary to either bring it into compliance or order a new project according to the actual situation.

After this, an approval certificate is drawn up, this is done by energy supervision employees. At the end, a complete package of documents with all permits is submitted to the energy supply organization and the connection or increase in the allocated power is carried out.

In total, to increase the allocated electrical power, you will need:

1. Obtaining technical specifications.
2. Development of a power supply project.
3. Coordination of the project with the energy supply organization.
4. Checking the installation.
5. Drawing up an admission certificate.
6. Transfer of a package of documents to the ES organization.
7. Conclusion of a new agreement.

To draw up an electrical project you need:

1. The act of delimiting balance sheet ownership (take it to the DEZ or comrades of home owners).
2. Certificate of allocated power.
3. A document that confirms ownership of real estate.
4. A site plan showing ALL electricity receivers.

The cost of the increase is determined in accordance with the resolution of the Moscow Regional Economic Commission No. 121 dated December 22, 2008. of the year and FEC MO No. 10-R dated 04/09/2009. The applicant pays for connection work in the amount of 550 rubles. Additional costs will be:

• replacement of wiring;
• replacement of circuit breakers;
• changing the object layout;
• drawing up an electrical project;
• power cable installation services;
• a new electricity meter will need to be replaced and installed on a model corresponding to the number of phases and current consumption.

Applications for such services, both for individuals and legal entities, are submitted in a single window. You may be refused if there are no technical means to increase the established limit. This can happen if the transformer is already overloaded, and there is no free one nearby.

Read more: Oa 20001 missing parent organization signature

Enterprises and legal entities

If the allocated power in the premises is too small, a legal entity can increase it on preferential terms (one time) up to 15 kW. More than 15 kW there are no benefits, then these services are paid at tariffs for legal entities. When the allocated power increases, the consumption at nearby transformer substations (transformer substations) is analyzed and, if there is a power reserve, one of them is given the go-ahead for an increase, after approval. The procedure is called “MOESK capacity re-registration”, and if there are “free resources” it can be carried out free of charge.

The cost of the procedure for increasing the allocated power depends on:

• final power value;
• geographical location of the object;
• technical ability to connect to the line;
• energy supply categories.

We also recommend watching a video that discusses the idea of ​​increasing power by using an inverter:

If the established electricity standards do not suit you, contact the company that supplies electricity for help. You will be able to clarify which method of solving the problem is suitable for you - increasing power or transferring the facility to a three-phase power supply system. Do not try to draw up a site plan and electrical design yourself - this should be done by specialized organizations. Otherwise, your documents will simply not be accepted, and you will waste your time. We hope now you know what the allocated power of electricity is, what it is and how you can increase the limit.

Increasing electrical power up to 15 kW for individuals

List of documents required to apply for a power increase

In addition to the list of documents for a new connection, you must additionally prepare:

1. A valid agreement with a network organization.
2. A valid contract with the sales company.
3. Latest electricity payment receipts.

If any documents from this list are missing, then contact us anyway - we will help you restore them.

Time frame for increasing power with paperwork and installation of a 15 kW metering unit

Answers on questions:

How much does it cost to increase power?

Registration of documents for 15 kW – 6500 rubles

Installation work – 40,000 rubles

Registration of acts and agreements with the sales company - 20,000 rubles

At your request, we can do only installation or, conversely, draw up only documents.

I already have an old meter, shield, wire. Is it possible to save something?

When the power increases from 3-5 kW to 15 kW, a transition occurs from single-phase connection to three-phase. Therefore, in a new 15 kW connection it is necessary to use a three-phase meter, automation and SIP wire 4 4*16.

In addition, most often the transition to 3 phases leads to reinstallation of the in-house distribution board.

How long will I be without electricity?

Advice

Maximum hour. We install a 15 kW panel parallel to the old connection, hand it over to the inspector, and only then do we switch from the old to the new.

Will I pay more for electricity?

Regardless of what power you have connected, you will pay according to consumption, i.e. by meter

Rules and regulations for electricity consumption by residents of apartment buildings

The needs of a modern person are changing along with the appearance of new devices on the electronics market that make it possible to ensure a comfortable life. However, the purchase of each new electrical appliance makes some residents of apartment buildings think about electricity consumption standards.

First of all, you should know that in apartment buildings (with gas stoves) that were designed and built before 2006, the calculated load is 3 kW per apartment, and in houses with electric stoves, the allocated power per apartment is 7 kW . In those houses that were designed since 2006 (actually since the end of 2005), the load has been increased: for apartments with gas stoves up to 4.5 kW, and for apartments with electric stoves - 10 kW per apartment.

Moreover, for apartments with a high level of comfort, the design load on the apartment is usually determined by the customer. An increase in energy consumption above established standards is possible only after completing design and installation work to modernize electrical wiring in accordance with the planned commissioning of additional capacities. After completing the work, the plan for the updated electrical network in the apartment should be submitted to the state energy supervision authorities.

To avoid possible fire or drying out with subsequent damage to the wiring, the total power of devices simultaneously plugged into the outlet should not exceed the load, which is usually 1 kW. In other words, one iron or electric kettle can be plugged into one outlet.

Modernization of the electrical network, possible spontaneous combustion of electrical wiring and monitoring

When filling your apartment with new modern appliances powered by the electrical network, you should definitely think about whether the allocated power of the apartment’s electrical network is enough to provide the necessary power to the electrical appliances.

An increase in the power of current collectors, carried out without the control of the responsible authorities and exceeding the established load on the wiring, as well as poor-quality installation of electrical equipment and wiring, failure to comply with the relevant standards and regulations during the design and installation, can lead to ignition of the wires and subsequent fire. Monitoring the condition of wiring in apartment buildings should be ensured by the organization responsible for the maintenance and technical condition of utility networks in the building.

If it is necessary to modernize the electrical wiring in the apartment, it is recommended to contact the above-mentioned organization or company that has a license to perform electrical installation work and has proven itself in the service market.

Of course, some work can be done independently, for example, you can replace blown lamps and fuses, turn on and off circuit breakers on the input device inside the apartment, and replace lighting fixtures.

Dangers posed by aluminum wiring

The aluminum wire itself does not pose any danger, but where it is connected to the contacts of switches, sockets and circuit breakers in the distribution board, a fire may occur. At the contact points, the wires overheat due to oxidation. A fuse or circuit breaker only trips when the load is too high, so if it overheats and there is not enough current to trip the protection, a fire can occur.

After several years of use, aluminum wire loses its ductility and therefore old wires become brittle and break. Also, aluminum can be destroyed when moisture gets on a (live) wire. These properties of aluminum wires used for electrical wiring are very dangerous. This is why new wiring should be done using copper wires, since they are much higher quality and can withstand a much greater load.

Tags: electricity, energy supply

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Power consumption in the apartment

Not so long ago, we did not have to think about the electrical power that our apartment consumes, since this value did not matter. But times are changing, and today, when the process of introducing restrictions, the so-called “social consumption norm”, has begun, it is worth preparing, calculating what the power consumption in the apartment is, whether the power that the energy industry will provide is enough for us. It is this issue that our article is devoted to.

A few notes about the nature of electricity, or what we will consider.

When we look at an electric meter, we see numbers that reflect the number of kilowatts we have used over a period of time. Although a watt is a unit of power, this figure does not reflect actual power consumption. Let's figure out why we're going back to physics class. So, a conductor (wire) is a chain of electrons that transfer a ball “charge” to each other, while they themselves remain in place, and only the ball moves along the chain. If you put two such chains next to each other in which the ball is thrown, they will begin to “pull” towards each other. The strength of this attraction can be measured. So the current strength is precisely the force of attraction between two conductors through which current flows. In other words, the current in Amperes is the force of attraction between two conductors. Ampere is a basic unit of measurement, calculated in Newtons, so there are no independent units in the household measurement of electricity; they are all derived from a standard set of constants. The electrons that transfer the ball-charge experience difficulties - this is the resistance of the conductor. It has been established that the thinner the wire (smaller cross-section), the greater the resistance (loss of electricity) in the conductor. It is difficult for electrons to throw many charge balls in a thin “tube”.

The “diameter” of the ball-charge is the Coulomb, a unit of measurement of the magnitude of the charge (derivative related to the strength of the current). Voltage, strictly speaking, is the work done by electrons, delivering a ball-charge from one point to another, creating a potential difference at the two ends of the conductor. Voltage is measured in volts. Energy (not electrical, but in general) is measured in Joules. A joule is the force spent per unit of time to do some work. Power is the current strength, taking into account the voltage per unit time - Watt. Power is also directly related to Joule as a derivative of energy. Conductor resistance is measured in Ohms, and together these units of measurement make it possible to calculate electricity consumption, taking into account both time and consumer load of a separate circuit.

The control is carried out by the meter, which measures how many kilowatts per hour are spent in your apartment. According to new trends, soon these meters, having counted the daily consumption limit of the allotted power, will simply turn off your apartment, or recalculate the selected surplus at a higher price. Therefore, it is so important to understand what the real power consumption in the apartment is before signing documents agreeing with the established limit.

A few more words about power. In terms of electrical power there are:

• Apparent power (VA) is the product of current (Amperes) and circuit voltage (Volts). The unit of measurement is Volt-Ampere.
• Active power (W) is the product of current (Ampere) by circuit voltage (Volts) and by load factor (cos φ). Measured in Watts.
• Load (power) factor cos φ is a characteristic of the current consumer. Simply put, cos φ shows how much total power (Volt-Ampere) is needed to extract active power (Watt) from a current consumer. This coefficient is in the technical characteristics of the devices. For lighting the value is 1, for other devices it is not less than 0.6. Typically, an average value of 0.8 is used to calculate electricity consumption.

The table below contains other units of measurement that may be useful in everyday life:

If you have an understanding of a bunch of current characteristics: how the current strength is reduced by resistance, capable of generating energy (thermal, mechanical, light, etc.), which over a period of time can be calculated as power consumed, let's move on to calculations. Let us recall that we are calculating active power, keeping in mind that we can convert volt-amperes to watts at any time using the load factor, which will give us total power.

How much is spent on average in a one-room apartment per day, per month and per year?

In a conventional one-room apartment:

• There are three 0.1 kWh light bulbs, one for lighting the room, the second for the kitchen, the third for the bathroom, they alternately work for a total of 5 hours.
• There is a refrigerator that consumes 0.1 kWh and runs around the clock.
• A widescreen LED TV consumes 0.15 kWh and operates for 4 hours during the specified period.
• The electric kettle consumes 2.1 kWh and is turned on six times a day for 5 minutes.

Heating and water heating for hygienic purposes in the house are provided by gas; clothes are washed by hand.

0,1*5 0,1*24 0,15*4 2,1/2=0,5 2,4 0,6 1,0.

• Average electricity consumption per day. In total, the approximate electricity consumption per day is 4.55 kW.
• Approximate electricity consumption in the apartment per month. About 4.55*30=136.5 kW will be consumed per month.
• Annual electricity consumption. The total annual consumption will be 1660.75 kW.

These data are averaged, each family has its own electrical equipment, its own way of saving or wasting electricity, and at different times of the year the daylight hours are shorter or longer. But a general understanding can be obtained based on such a calculation.

Read more about how electricity consumption is calculated here.