06/30/2016 master
Each of us dreams that our own home would be automated and that to turn on the lights or TV you just need to enter the room. If things are not going well with household appliances in terms of automation, then with the lighting system everything is much better. And today, in a house or apartment, it is relatively easy to create a system for automatic lighting using special devices.
Our article will tell you how you can organize with your own hands a high-quality lighting system that operates automatically in any room of the house.
Backlight automation: advantages and purpose
Creating a system for automatically controlling lighting in home spaces is a dream that can easily be realized today with the help of special equipment. Such systems in the house have the following advantages:
- efficient and comfortable control of lighting fixtures without direct human intervention;
- the ability to install an automatic light control system with your own hands;
- automatic switching on of lights at night;
- saving on electricity. The device (motion sensor, relay, etc.) that is used in a given situation allows you to achieve varying degrees of energy savings.
Automatic room lighting
It is worth noting that automatic lighting systems used indoors are included in the concept of “smart home” or “smart light”. By connecting such systems, you get the opportunity to quickly, comfortably and effectively control the level of lighting in any room of the house where the necessary equipment is installed. Depending on what device a particular device has (sensor, relay, etc.), turning on the light can be done as follows:
- through registration by the device in a given area of movement. Here the device contains a special sensor that detects any changes in the controlled area. Here, to turn the lighting off/on, you need to install a motion sensor;
- through sound effects. For example, to turn on the light you need to clap your palms. Here you need a special sound switch;
- through the degree of illumination. In this situation, a relay is used, the device of which is capable of assessing the level of illumination in the house and, when it falls below a certain indicator, turning on the light.
Note! All of the above methods of turning on and off lighting at night can be used both indoors and outdoors. But those devices that are capable of responding to an audio signal should be installed indoors to reduce the risk of false alarms.
In some situations, you can even combine devices that have different devices in order to achieve the most complete automation of the automatic light switching system in any room of the house or apartment. Now let's look in more detail at each type of device used to organize an automatic lighting system.
Equipment for bus lighting control systems
For each task, the set of devices will be different. Let's try to list the most necessary ones:
- Logic blocks, controllers, gateways, actuators - control devices
- Presence, motion, light sensors – event recorders
- Various switches - manual control
- Lamps or other loads are controlled devices
- Remote controls, smartphones, tablets, control panels – remote control
Motion sensors are the most common option
Most often, an automatic lighting system in a house is organized by installing motion sensors. Such devices come in a wide variety:
- infrared. They are the safest in terms of long-term use in residential areas. They evaluate changes in the thermal signal and, if they detect a difference between the sent and received signal, they can turn the lights in the room on or off;
Infrared motion sensor
- microwave and ultrasonic sensor. Such products are often used to automate outdoor lighting systems. This is because microwave light control, especially when used for a long time, can have a negative impact on people's health. The operating principle of microwave and ultrasonic sensors is almost the same. The only difference is the type of signal received and emitted: microwaves or ultrasound. The organization schemes of such devices are almost identical;
Microwave motion sensor
Combined sensor
- combined sensor. This type of light control, like infrared, is the most optimal for the home. The combined sensor device contains two types of sensors that analyze signals in the monitored area.
Note! Combined and infrared sensors give a minimum number of false alarms.
For proper operation of the device, connection diagrams are needed, which are usually provided by manufacturers and are either in the instructions for the device or printed on the side of the package. Connection diagrams can take different forms. It all depends on the model of the device with which you plan to control the light. Installation of motion sensors is possible in any room of the house, including the bathroom and toilet. The light in such a situation will turn on when a person enters the room, and turn off when he leaves. In addition, such devices are often combined with an element such as an automatic light switch. It can complement other types of devices in this system.
On guard of safety
The smart home system will help protect your home from intruders, which is especially important for those who like to travel or people who frequently go on business trips. If the house is left unattended for a couple of weeks, then installing additional electronic mechanisms will create an imitation of human presence in the house. With its help, the lighting in the house will be turned on and off, and the shutters will open and close in the morning and evening. Smart lighting will create the impression that life is going on as normal in your home.
Smart switch - clap your hands
Smart switch
Another rather original, but nevertheless popular way to turn on the light in a room is to install a switch that responds to hand clapping.
This device is equipped with a microphone, which is characterized by high selectivity. This microphone is able to distinguish a specific sound and separate it from other sound vibrations. In addition, the smart switch is equipped with special automation that is capable of analyzing the received sound spectrum and isolating the necessary signal from it.
Note! A smart switch can respond not only to the clap of your palms, but also to a special word. If desired, any variation of sound vibrations can be used as a signal. The main thing here is to set everything up correctly.
To install such a switch, special circuits are also used. This must be taken into account when installing the device in the house. It is best to use the switch in rooms such as a bedroom, living room, kitchen, hallway. But a smart switch is not suitable for a bathroom with a toilet.
How can you save money?
Buy ready-made kits.
For example, a set for a two- or three-room apartment. In addition to wireless switches, such a set may include timers, temperature controllers (for heated floors), and dimmers (for smooth adjustment of lighting). In any case, smart technology will cost less than wired devices, but it is much more practical and much more pleasant to use. Sources
- https://zen.yandex.ru/media/rmnt/umnyi-dom-sistema-upravleniia-osvesceniem-i-ne-tolko-5c529216b409f700ad08ba1b
- https://220.guru/osveshhenie/istochniki-sveta/sistema-osveshheniya-umnyj-dom.html
- https://Elektrik-a.su/osveshhenie/obshhaya-chast/avtomaticheskoe-upravlenie-osveshheniem-385
- https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/5b5f1fcfd908d200a9e1e56f/sistema-upravleniia-osvesceniem-5b9227e9307d5800aadb3983
- https://ichip.ru/sovety/umnoe-osveshhenie-kvartiry-delaem-pryamo-sejjchas-379872
- https://obosveschenii.ru/upravlenie/kak-ustraivayut-umnoe-osveshhenie-v-dome
- https://www.iphones.ru/iNotes/kak-sdelat-umnoe-osveshchenie-v-kvartire-05-11-2019
Photo relays and their role in the automatic home lighting system
Photo relay
All devices that are used to organize an automatic lighting system in the house can, to one degree or another, respond to the degree of illumination. But there are special products that respond to the level of natural light. These are relays of different modifications.
Light control here occurs when the level of natural light decreases below a set value. In order for the control to be correct, relays of this type must be installed using the correct circuits. The relay is installed in the lighting fixture. Only after this control will be available. Therefore, if even one wire is connected incorrectly, the relay will not function as intended.
Photo relay connection diagram
At the same time, it is worth noting that when organizing an automatic lighting system inside a residential building, photo relays or other modifications are rarely used. More often they are included in the external lighting system, where their placement will be most relevant and effective. Here, as a rule, a photo relay is used, which looks like a sensor. It has a certain sensitivity to light rays. When the sun's rays hit the relay, it causes the device to switch to insulator mode. But in the dark, when the light flux weakens, the relay is converted into a conductor. As a result of this transformation, the lights turn on at night and in the evening. The device is powered from the house electrical network.
What problems might there be?
Actually, like any complex gadgets, remote switches with a radio module for a lamp are much more expensive than “wired” ones. Even the most economical one will cost about 2000 rubles . In addition, such devices operate on a battery, and sooner or later it will run out. How early or late? For example, DeLUMO representatives claim that if the switch is used 4-6 times a day, the battery will have to be replaced after 6-7 years. In any case, this operation is not so labor-intensive as to think about it.
Main conclusions
There are a large number of engineering systems management programs available on the modern technology market. The variety of functionality and cost allows you to choose the best option for almost any budget.
- “Smart home” includes many modules related to lighting, security, operation of electrical appliances and audio and video equipment.
- Control occurs through special panels, remote controls, sensors or phones.
- The cost of the system can be adjusted due to different settings of its functionality.
- The use of this technology significantly saves money on utility bills, primarily electricity.
All intelligent systems used to improve living comfort are developed taking into account the most modern standards and requirements.
