Diode 1N4007: circuits, characteristics, technical description

1N4007 diodes belong to the 1NXXXX series devices. Such diodes use the American numbering system, since they are semiconductor devices. In addition, this standard is accepted throughout our modern world.

In model 1n4007, the markings read as follows. In the name of the 1N4007 diode, the first part "1N" is a unijunction semiconductor, where the number indicates that it has 1 junction, and the N indicates that it is a semiconductor diode. The remaining numbers are the numbering values ​​of a particular diode.

According to its technical characteristics, such a diode can be compatible with any rectifier diode. All diodes that will belong to the 1N400X series are easily replaceable with just this version of diodes. The main application of such diodes is in embedded system projects.

1N4007 is a rectifier diode with a PN adapter. The ability of a diode to transmit electric current in only one direction with the ability to convert alternating current to direct current. As mentioned above, if we talk about the technical component, it can be replaced without problems or can replace other rectifier diodes related to the 1N400X series.

Currently, they can be used in any area of ​​human activity, for example, flyback diodes, rectifiers used for general purposes as a constant power source, inverters or converters. And this is only a small part of all applications of this type of diodes.

Pinout 1N4007

The 1N4007 diode has only two contacts, which are the anode and cathode, respectively. Both current terminals are provided with opposite charges of different values, which have the names and corresponding charges indicated in the table below.

Description and application of 1N-4007

Externally, 1N-4007 is a small black cylinder. It consists of a polymer resin used in the manufacture of most such elements. A semiconductor crystal is hidden inside. Its basis is monocrystalline silicon, obtained from sand through extremely high-tech technical processes.

There are two electrical terminals on the sides of the diode. Their task is to conduct current from the crystal to the board into which this part is soldered. The leads are made of copper and covered with a thin layer of solder, i.e. they're cheating.

Additional Information. Diodes are designed to pass electric current in one direction, i.e. from anode (+) to cathode (-). Their hydraulic analogue is a valve. This property is inherent in this part at the level of the silicon crystal lattice from which it is produced. There are also diodes based on germanium, but at the moment they are practically not used.

How to connect a 1n4007 diode?

In order to carry out installation, you must use a special output circuit when using any position of the part. The soldering process occurs with low-temperature solder, where the melting point should be less than 210 degrees Celsius. In addition, the process itself should last about 10 seconds, otherwise the element will overheat.

It is worth considering that the datasheet 1n4007 indicates a maximum permissible temperature of about 260 degrees, but in practice you can understand that you should not take risks and achieve exactly this temperature. It is better to reduce the temperature than to spoil the part and then waste time soldering it back.

The technique used for its installation is surface mounting, which is used specifically for such a circuit. When soldering, you must use a special solder paste.

Specifications

As you can imagine, 1N4007 is one of the most popular diodes used today. It is used in many chargers for modern phone devices, even those that cost about a dollar and do not have stabilizers or filters to reduce interference. Devices cannot do without 1N4007.

There are exactly four of them in one adapter, on which a diode bridge is assembled using 1n4007, which, in fact, converts alternating current into direct current, transferring the current through itself in only one direction, completely cutting off one of the existing polarities of the entire voltage.

Diode sizes

At the same time, in cheap similar chargers, some manufacturers save these diodes by using 1 instead of 4, replacing them with half-wave rectification. It is strongly recommended to use the first option, with a total voltage of more than 1 Watt. (How to find out how many watts? Use a wattmeter.)

Normal diodes are not able to resist a reverse current avalanche, since they are made specifically to withstand the flow of energy flowing through this element. The cathode output is indicated on the body part with a special ring.

Below you can see the electrical and thermal characteristics of the 1n4007.

Electrical characteristics

The electrical characteristics include parameters such as forward voltage, as well as reverse current, total capacitance, maximum reverse current with a certain load, as well as the average value of the rectifying current and peak repeating reverse voltage.

• Forward voltage (VF) at 1.0A - 1.1 V.
• Reverse current at 25°C - 5 μA.
• The total capacitance at 1.0 MHz is 15 pF.
• Maximum full load reverse current at 75 °C is 30 μA.
• The average rectified forward current (IF (AV)) is 1A.
• Peak repetitive reverse voltage 1n4007 1a 1000v.

The diode has a high overload capacity, as well as a low voltage drop, which can have a peak value of up to 1.1 V. The maximum pulse current has a duration of 8.2 seconds, reaching a voltage of 30A.

As already indicated above, the typical electrical capacitance of the junction should not exceed about 15 pF. This is all taken into account when using a frequency of 1 MHz, and a constant voltage of 4V. Speaking in theory, the speed of the diode is unacceptable, so they are not in demand for high-frequency purposes, since this is not regulated.

The leakage current will not exceed 5 μA, but if a progressive increase in the ambient temperature is noticed, this figure will also increase. For example, at temperatures above 75 degrees, you can be sure that it will increase to 50 µA. As a result, performance indicators deteriorate, which is why for effective use you must use a standard 30% margin of the parameters. In addition, cooling should be properly organized, which is carried out using a non-conducting thermal compound.

The operating frequency of power using high alternating voltage is 60Hz. To get acquainted with the operating limits, you should look at the datasheet, where various operating features are indicated.

Thermal characteristics of 1N4007

Thermal characteristics include power dissipation as well as resistivity as the main ones. Both the above characteristics have the following meanings as given below.

• Thermal resistance - 50 °C/W.
• Power dissipation - 3 W.

What's the difference between 1N4001 and 1N4007 other than the maximum reverse voltage?

I compared 1N400x diodes. As far as I can see, all their properties are the same as their maximum reverse voltages.

• maximum current
• recovery time
• reverse leakage current
• capacity

It looks like the 1N4007 is a super version of all the other 1N400x diodes. So why produce 1N4001 diodes. 1N4006 and why buy them? If the 1N4007 does the job alone, then why are other versions still on sale?

@Vasiliy and @johnfound's answers are incorrect. The 1N400x diodes are not identical except for "occasional" manufacturing variations.

Diodes with higher reverse voltage ratings are intentionally manufactured with lighter doping so that the depletion region for a given reverse voltage is wider than it would otherwise be. The disadvantage of light doping is that the forward resistance and voltage drop for a high voltage diode are higher than for a low voltage diode.

So you can use the 1N4007 for all your applications, but your circuit efficiency will be slightly higher if you use a more appropriately rated diode in low voltage applications.

Due to changes in technology, manufactured semiconductor devices may have different characteristics. Many manufacturers use a "binning" strategy for finished parts: they test the parts and divide them among multiple device-based "bins". ' play. Once they do this, they will be able to sell devices with better features for more money.

I'm quite sure that the binning strategy is used for the 1N400x, but I can't say how many pools were produced initially. I'm guessing 2 pools, from which 7 bins were obtained. This assumption is based on the fact that the data for a typical connection capacity in the data table has two areas. Even if I am correct about this manufacturer, the number of pools may vary by manufacturer.

The difference between these diodes lies mainly in their reverse breakdown voltage. There are many other parameters that are different; Some differences are mentioned in the datasheet (like the aforementioned junction capacitance), others are not. In general, the x20 ratio in reverse breakdown voltages (between 1N4001 and 1N4007) reflects significant differences in the properties of the connections. These properties should affect almost any electrical parameters of the diode.

Manufacturers tend to present these diodes as having exactly the same properties because very minor differences are not important for the main applications of these diodes. There are applications that require greater precision.

People say there are also applications that take advantage of diode reverse breakdown. In these applications, you may want to select an appropriate breakdown voltage. I don't know the specifics though.

I guess a few years ago, when these diodes were just introduced and semiconductor processes were not mature, the differences between different diodes were more noticeable.

If the price is the same and you use these diodes in "standard" applications (like low frequency rectification), you can use either one as long as it meets your requirements for reverse breakdown voltage. If you're planning on using them for something more sensitive, you might want to test them all to see which one is better.

Source: ubuntugeeks.com

Datasheet, datasheet.

If you are looking for a Datasheet, a datasheet for this type of diode, then you need to go to the manufacturer’s website to find 1n4007 specifications in Russian or follow the following link.

In datasheet 1n4007, each user will be able to find the most accurate characteristics, as well as specifications and graphs that can reflect the full performance of the microcircuit.

In addition to all this, it also describes some of the typical schemes, as well as uses and other most detailed descriptions, including settings for any popular needs. And also there you can read some applied recommendations on the use of diodes.

How to check 1N4007?

If we talk about checking diodes, then this will not be a particular problem for a knowledgeable person, since the check occurs as in ordinary general-purpose diodes. In order to do this, you should acquire (if you don’t have) special instruments: a multimeter or an ohmmeter.

Step-by-step algorithm for testing 1N4007 diodes

• The first thing to do is turn on the device and switch it to the special “Dialing” mode exactly as indicated in the figure below. If you are using a different model of multimeter, then refer to the operating instructions for your measuring device.

• We take the probes and connect them to the part that you plan to measure. Red should be connected to the anode, and black to the cathode. It is this polarity that is used by the diode through which current will pass so that you can see all the information that will be displayed on the device display. If you have information that indicates too much resistance, you can be sure that an internal open has occurred.
• Now you should change the polarity, and evaluate the value shown on the device display. After changing the polarity, the diode is not able to pass voltage through itself, so it must be infinitely large. If the readings are completely different, then this indicates only one thing - a breakdown in the transition.

This will be quite enough for you to verify the functionality of the semiconductors of a given diode of this series.

Diode marking in4007

Let's start with the breakdown for parts in the DO-41 case. Variants of symbols applied to it are shown in the figure.

Significant Labeling Elements

Explanation:

1. Model name series 1N4001-4007.
2. Graphic or alphabetic or alphanumeric code of the manufacturer of the radio component.
3. Production date in month/year format (last two digits are given).

Since the SMD case is small in size, if you put the full model name on it, it will be difficult to recognize the inscription with the naked eye. Therefore, the name is encoded in accordance with the table.

Marking table for 1N400x series SMD diodes.

Alternative 1N4007

It happens that you don’t have a specific diode at hand to replace it in case of a breakdown, that’s when analogs that are available from both domestic and foreign manufacturers can come to the rescue. Below you can find out how to replace 1n4007.

Domestic analogues

One of the most attractive options for replacing such a diode will be models from the KD 258D series, which have incredible characteristics, and some have exactly the same indicators. And some of the parameters exceed those of the diode model 1N4007.

Sometimes other diodes that have partially lower parameters are used as a replacement: D226, KD208-209, KD243 and KD105. Before installing them, you should find out whether this diode option is compatible for your device, and also compare the main characteristics.

Foreign analogues

If you look at foreign models, then there are also full-fledged replacement options. For the most correct example, we present you with several options similar to the 1N4007 model.

• HEPR0056RT diode, which is produced by Motorola.
• Thompson is considered among the best companies, which have two easily replaceable brands of diodes: BYW27-1000, as well as BY156.
• Philips offers BYW43.
• Three incredibly similar components (10D4, 1N2070, 1N3549) developed by Diotek.

It is precisely these analogues from abroad that you can use to adequately replace this type of diode.

Analogs

The following diodes are completely identical analogues of 1N4007: 1N2070, 1N3549, 1N4249, 1N5416, 1N5614, 1S1830, 1S1888, DS135D, ECG116, SY206, 1N3657GP, 1N3957, 1N4249GP, 1N 4586GP, 1N5622, RL107, RH1C. Among the closest analogues are: BYD13M, BYW43, MPG06M. If there are no alternatives, the diode in question can be replaced, after checking the required technical characteristics, with the following devices: 10D10, 10D4, AA1000, B1000, BYY37, D1201P, ED31010, EM1C, EM5010, M100M, S5277N, BY156, ED3008, RL11N4007.

Among domestic devices, the best option for replacement is KD258D. This diode is not inferior in its technical data, and sometimes even surpasses the foreign 1N4007. However, it costs several times more than the one in question.

You can also try replacing it with domestic ones D226, KD208, KD209, KD243 or KD105. However, in this case, you need to carefully study the circuit diagram of the device in which it will work and make sure of compatibility.