How to connect a trailer socket? Pinout by color, diagrams

A towbar socket is a device necessary for connecting various signals and ensuring the functionality of the electrics on the trailer: brakes, turn signals, parking lights, license plate lights, etc.

Below we will look at the main types of sockets, talk about connection diagrams and pinout features. We will pay special attention to the purpose of the electronic matching unit and the nuances of connecting the socket.

As an example, we will give the principle of connecting the device to a Chevrolet Niva, a LAV boat trailer, a VAZ-2110 and a number of other vehicles.

Types of trailer sockets

When choosing a socket for a passenger car, pay attention to the types of products.

There are two types on sale (according to the number of cores):

1. Seven-core (7 PIN). Designed to output external lighting sources and is used for standard cargo trailers. Such a socket, in turn, can be European or American (they differ in connectors). The peculiarity of the European circuit is that all seven wires are involved in it.

2. 13-wire (13 PIN). Unlike the previous type, additional connectors are used here to allow you to connect a caravan trailer and ensure the functionality of all lighting and additional equipment (refrigerator, battery charger, etc.). So, to charge the battery, there is a separate conductor, which goes from the machine’s power source to the towbar socket and is protected by an individual fuse insert.

The 13-wire socket has more functionality and is suitable for many cars from the United States or the EU. But purchasing it will cost a lot, and connecting it will require a higher level of skill.

Sometimes situations occur when the car has a 7-pin socket and the trailer has a 13-pin socket (or vice versa). This is not a problem, thanks to the availability of adapters from 13 to 7 or from 7 to 13.

Write a review

It is needed to protect against various external influences. Adapter from 7 to 13 pin Pinout of 13 pin socket Almost all modern imported cars are equipped with this connector if the design allows for its installation.

Some trailer models have locking devices with a stabilizer, where the ball is compressed by plastic clutches, or the trailer itself is made of materials that do not conduct electricity and such a solution is not convenient for manufacturers. Placing them on the roof of a car like a VAZ is inconvenient and unsafe. Option 2 If you are the owner of a modern foreign car, then most likely it has complex electronic components installed that will not allow you to connect the trailer using the first method.

Tips and tricks A simple 7 pin socket wiring diagram suggests that you need to determine the wire routing. Standard connection Many modern cars have a connector for connecting the electrical wiring of the trailer, to which control wires and power are supplied. People with domestic as well as Chinese cars can purchase.

At the same time, you should prepare connecting blocks; the best options will be those with sockets for fuses. In this case, pinout is done in a universal way. But now they understand that the idea is pointless.

Description Towbar 13 pin

Motorists who decide to independently install a trailer hitch and install a socket need to remember one rule: each core in a multi-core cable must be at least one and a half millimeters thick. This device is connected to the car’s standard electrical system, and it becomes a kind of intermediary, allowing the signal to be seamlessly transmitted to the light elements of the trailer. Remember that connection and installation work can only be carried out when the power from the vehicle battery is disconnected. And in order not to break it, you can turn to good specialists.

If high current consumption is detected, the controller will notify an error. Ivan You need to connect one end of the wire to the housing, and the other to the trailer plug and connect a lot of lights to the housing. Typically, trailers without a brake system do not have reverse gear. The diagrams for connecting a trailer to the vehicle's on-board network are standardized, which allows you to install a tow bar with a socket once and then use it with any trailer.

Pinout of 7 pin socket

Side lights on the starboard side Currently, the 7-pin connector is practically not used in modern foreign cars; 13-pin sockets are installed there. There is a solution - a radio signal amplifier. Perhaps you have trailer dimensions on one wire, in this case you need to look at the connection diagram shown above. Terminals that will connect to the wires. In some cases, the number of contacts they have is different.

It is important that the contacts are not oxidized or rotted. Contact number

A multimeter is used for this. towbar connection diagram

Connection diagrams (pinout)

When studying the connection diagram for a trailer socket and a car's towbar, it is important to focus on the current GOSTs and rules. They indicate the requirements of government agencies to avoid errors when connecting and operating devices, as well as when checking the electrical connection diagram.

What GOST 9200-76 says

One of the main documents positioning the connection of 7-pin connectors for cars and trucks, as well as tractors, is GOST 9200-76. It was approved and put into operation on January 19, 1976 and is still in effect.

The standard complies with the following ISOs:

• 1185-75.
• 3731-80.
• 1724-80.
• 3732-82.
• 4091-78.

Before the advent of GOST 9200-76, the document GOST 9200-59 was in force, but with the advent of new rules it became invalid.

The following types of sizes are considered here:

• 24 N and 24 S for 24 V voltage;
• 12 N and 12 S for 12 V voltage.

At the request of the consumer, the use of 12N is allowed on car tractors, as well as trailers and semi-trailers with a voltage of 24 V.

Connector Features:

1. 24 N is equipped with a large socket for 1 contact and 6 small pins. The inner diameter of the 1st contact must be such as to provide the required disconnection force.
2. 24 S also comes with one large 1st contact and 6 smaller ones.
3. The 12 N has four sockets (pins one, three, four, and six), as well as three spring-loaded pins—pins two, five, and seven. The diameters of the pins must be such that they fit into the plug sockets and provide the necessary force.
4. 12 S provides a special design. This socket is equipped with four sockets (one, three, four and six), one recessed 7th socket (3 mm deeper), as well as a pair of spring pins (second and fifth contacts).

Diagrams and pinouts of 24 N connectors.

Socket, type 24N for rated voltage 24 V

Plug, type 24N for rated voltage 24 V

24N pin assignment

Diagrams and pinouts of 24 S connectors.

GOST 9200-76 pays special attention to technical requirements. In particular, the connector must provide a stable connection at currents up to 40 A. It is important that the pins and sockets do not rotate in their places, and their designation must be applied in a reliable way to ensure good readability.

The permissible temperature rise should not be more than 45 degrees Celsius when the load current is 25% more than the rated one.

Pinout

When connecting the trailer socket and towbar, it is necessary to take into account the subtleties of the pinout. Let's consider each option separately.

7 PIN

7-pin sockets for trailers are used in Russia and Europe. Type - 12 N, ISO 1724.

The designation of the legs is as follows:

1. Left turn signal (L). Yellow, 1.5 sq. mm.
2. Rear fog lights or +12 V (54G). Blue, 1.5 sq. mm.
3. Grounding (“minus”) White/gray, 2.5 sq. mm.
4. Turn signal right (R). Green, 1.5 sq. mm.
5. Lamp for illuminating the license plate and marker on the right (58R). Red, 1.5 sq. mm.
6. Brakes - stop light (54). Red, 1.5 sq. mm.
7. Left dimension (58L). Black, 1.5 sq. mm.

Simplified diagram.

In the case of the American version of the 7 PIN socket, the placement of the contacts is slightly different. Here the reverse contact connector has been changed, and there is no section on left and right dimensions. In a number of cars from the USA, the dimensions and STOP signals, which run on the same wire, are not separated.

Alternatively, you can assemble a “Russian” circuit. Its peculiarity is that there may be no wire on the PTF, or there will be only one, connected to the 7th pin of the plug. In this case, the 5th contact is not used or is short-circuited by the 7th.

One example of a 7-pin device is the ATE-05 metal socket from the manufacturer Airline. This is the most durable product for a towbar without an elastic boot.

13 PIN

When choosing a 13-pin socket (ISO 11446), the number of connectors is larger, so you need to be more careful when connecting.

Let's look at the main elements:

1. Left turn signal (1/L). Yellow, 1.5 sq. mm.
2. Rear fog lamp (2). Blue, 1.5 sq. mm.
3. Ground connector for terminals one through eight (3/31). White, 2.5 sq. mm.
4. Right turn signal (4/R). Green, 1.5 sq. mm.
5. Right side marker and license plate light (5/58-R). Brown, 1.5 sq. mm.
6. STOP signal lamp (6/54). Red, 1.5 sq. mm.
7. Dimensions on the left and license plate illumination (7/58-L). Black, 1.5 sq. mm.
8. Reverse lamp (8). Pink, 1.5 sq. mm.
9. Constant voltage at 12 V and 35 A (9). Orange, 2.5 sq. mm.
10. Voltage 12 V and 35 A (supplied after turning the key in the ignition), (10). Gray, 2.5 sq. mm.
11. "Mass" (11). Black and white, 2.5 sq. mm.
12. Signal conductor, reserve (12). Light grey, 1.5 sq. mm.
13. Ground for the ninth terminal (13). Red-white, 2.5 sq. mm.

Having before your eyes the pinout of the trailer and towbar sockets, you can easily make connections and carry out an electrical inspection (in case of a malfunction).

In Europe, 7-pin (ISO-1724) and 13-pin (ISO-11446) connectors are in demand. As you can see from the pinout above, the 13-pin version gives more options and has better protection against water and dirt.

The connectors work on 12V systems, but there may be exceptions for the 7-pin connector. They often operate on 6 and 24 V. Thus, cars and trailers with 6-pin systems can use a 7-5 pin connector.

Why do you need an electronic matching unit?

Not in all cases it is possible to simply connect the sockets of the towbar and trailer. If the machine has complex electronics, a matching unit will be required.

Its use allows you to avoid errors when testing the operation of lighting equipment and vehicle electrical systems.

In addition, the matching unit is an invariable thing when it is necessary to transmit a signal using a multiplex bus.

The connection diagram is as follows:

1. Signals from the car are sent to the matching unit.
2. The latter processes the information.
3. If there are no conflicts, the signal is transmitted to the trailer of the car or truck.

For correct operation, the unit must be connected to the battery and the wires must be connected correctly (taking into account the pinout).

The connection diagram is shown below.

What is needed to connect

Before connecting the trailer socket, you need to prepare and buy the necessary material in advance.

The package includes the following equipment:

1. Socket cover for tow bar. Please note that there is a cover equipped with a rubber seal. When purchasing, inspect the product for the fit of all casing elements and for the absence of loose housing or contact connections. Pay special attention to the condition of the threaded connection and the fastening of screws to the terminals.
2. Wire (one core) with a cross-section of 1.5 sq. mm or more. When purchasing, check the possibility of using it in the electrical wiring of a vehicle.
3. Corrugation made of metal or polypropylene. Used to insulate wire harnesses and protect against mechanical damage. The average length is up to 2.5-3.0 meters. Immediately take 20-30 plastic clamps to secure the harnesses.
4. Connecting blocks. When choosing, give preference to a model with sockets in which fuses can be installed.
5. Tools: set of wrenches, drills and bits, screwdrivers, soldering iron, electrical tape.

The specified equipment is usually sufficient for installation work. If something is missing, the scarce elements can be purchased separately.

Features of connecting trailers Skif-M1, Skif-M2, MZSA and others

When connecting SKIF trailers, you need to be careful, because the pinout in them is somewhat different from the 7-pin circuit according to GOST 9276 and ISO 1724.

Thus, on the second terminal of the Skif-M1, produced from 1981 to 1987, and Skif-M2, produced from 1987 to 1993, the “plus” of the battery is located, and not the rear fog lamp.

Skif-M trailer electrical diagram

Electrical diagram of the Skif-M1 trailer

Electrical diagram of the Skif-M2 trailer

In addition, on MZSA trailers, the dimensions are connected only to the 7th contact. This is done for convenience, so that if necessary you can connect to an old domestic car.

The presence of a “+” battery is a big plus when camping, because it can be used to connect lighting. The designation of the contact group has also changed. Instead of the usual Arabic numerals, Roman numerals are given here.

If we talk about earlier versions of Skif-M, they have more differences.

The following scheme was used here:

1. I—STOP signal;
2. II - left turn signal;
3. III — turn signal indicator light;
4. IV - right turn signal;
5. V - “plus” of the battery;
6. VI — rear dimensions and license plate lights;
7. M is mass.

The circuit provides a matching block that relieves the car's turn signal relay.

To operate this element, constant power is required, supplied through the fifth contact from the battery through the outlet.

The old connectors did not separate the side light contacts and they were supplied only through the seventh contact, and the second was considered a spare one.

A lamp was provided there that allowed you to monitor the operation of the trailer and its turn signals.

When connecting an old trailer to a modern type socket, the turn signal on the trailer hitch will only flash when the lights are on. In addition, the fog light (on some models) and the warning light on the dashboard may flash.

In the case of MZSA trailers, nothing comes of the fifth signal. Therefore, if after connection the lights on the tow hitch do not light up, the reason, as a rule, is that the signal is output to the fifth contact, but there will be no signal on the seventh.

A number of trailer manufacturers in the Russian Federation, when installing a reversing lamp, connect it to the fifth terminal, leaving the dimensions with the seventh contact connection.

note

For GAZ 20, GAZ 21, GAZ 24 cars you do not need to solder anything. Here in the arches there are distribution blocks from which wires go to the lights. Accordingly, we simply crimp the ends of the new wires with ring terminals under the screw and screw them to the corresponding contacts of the blocks. For GAZ 20 and GAZ 21, the braking and turning signals are supplied by the same lamp filament. Accordingly, you will either have to lay wires only for the stops and accept the fact that the trailer will provide turn signals with the lamps in the brake lights, and the turn signals will remain unused, or lay wires from the front turn signals.

LAV boat trailer pinout

Of particular interest is the pinout of contacts in LAV brand trailers. Let's highlight the features of contacts:

1. Left turn signal.
2. Rear PTF.
3. Weight.
4. Right turn signal.
5. Reversing lamp.
6. STOP signal.
7. Side and contour lights, room lighting.

Knowing the features of the contact group will help you accurately connect the trailer and towbar socket.

Alarm Starline: instructions for selection, installation and operation

The most common towbar connection diagram, the so-called standard, is a 7-pin European type. The special feature is the “father” and “mother” nests. They are installed for safe connection in conditions of poor visibility - you will have to try to mix up the connectors.

There is also a 7-pin circuit, but of the American type. The peculiarity is that there is a reverse contact and there is no separation between the right and left rows of lights.

13-pin connectors are used to connect to a passenger trailer. Feature - there are several contacts for negative and positive buses, and there are also additional contacts. They are used to connect a rear view camera.

Expensive modern trailers are equipped with electronic equipment: ABS, ESP, as well as on-board computers. Special connectors are used for pairing. Wiring and connecting can be difficult for an untrained person.

Modern trailers are equipped with additional equipment

Connecting a VAZ 2110 trailer socket

The VAZ 2110 uses a trailer socket made according to the 12 N, ISO 1724 standard.

There are seven contacts here: two turn signals (first and fourth), fog light (second), ground (third), rear lights and right side lights (fifth), brake light (sixth) and left side lights (seventh).

As in previous cases, wires with a cross-section of 1.5 square meters are used for all contacts. mm, except for the “ground”, which goes to 2.5 square meters. mm.

15-pin ISO 12098 connector

Contact number	Function	Cable cross-section	Color
1	Left turn signal	1.5mm2	Yellow
2	Right turn signal	1.5mm2	Green
3	Rear fog light	1.5mm2	Blue
4	Weight for pins 1-3 and 5-12	2.5mm2	White
5	Right side lamp	1.5mm2	Black
6	Left side light	1.5mm2	Brown
7	Stop signal	1.5mm2	Red
8	Reverse	1.5mm2	Pink
9	Power supply +24V	2.5mm2	Orange
10	Brake pad wear indicator sensor	1.5mm2	Grey
11	Pressure meter	1.5mm2	White black
12	Lift axle	1.5mm2	white-blue
13	Weight for can tires (14,15)	2.5mm2	white-red
14	CAN H	1.5mm2	white-green
15	CAN L	1.5mm2	white-brown

Niva Chevrolet

When connecting a trailer socket to a Niva Chevrolet, you can use a wiring harness with a trailer hitch (tow hitch) and European accessories 0183 for the specified Avato model. Article - 00001-75045552-00-0.

In addition, this harness is suitable for connecting trailers of other cars with a 7-pin connector, avoiding the use of a bundle of wires with five + two wires.

conclusions

Now all that remains is to properly connect the trailer to the car and enjoy the result. If you notice a new type of socket or a complete disappearance of the models shown here from the shelves, please let us know. And don't forget to share the article with your friends!

Sources

• https://PricepInfo.ru/spravka/raspinovka-rozetki-farkopa/
• https://AutoTopik.ru/jelektrika/kak-podkljuchit-rozetku-pricepa.html
• https://www.asutpp.ru/raspinovka-rozetki-farkopa-pricepa.html
• https://pricepclub.ru/remont-i-obsluzhivanie/podklyuchenie-rozetki-pritsepa-legkovogo-avtomobilya
• https://avtoshark.com/article/repairs/electronics-repairs/podklyuchenie-rozetki-farkopa-k-avtomobilyu/
• https://elektro220v.ru/oborudovanie-dlya-avto/shemy-podklyucheniya-pritsepa.html
• https://DriverTip.ru/zhizn/pravilnoe-podkljuchenie-rozetki-pricepa-legkovogo-avtomobilja.html

Connecting a trailer socket to a KamAZ truck

Owners of KAMAZ trucks often ask what type of socket can be used for a trailer.

The main option is a plug device type PS 325-100 for 24 V. The product is designed to transmit electrical signals to side lights, brake lights, turn signals and other elements. They come with 7 and 15 cores.

In this case, 7-core models are conventionally divided into two types - N and S. The first type is very similar to the other models, and the S-type has the appearance of an empty tube.

Pinout:

1. Mass (Part 4), white.
2. Left size (G.52), black.
3. Turn signal on the left (K.75), yellow.
4. Brakes (3.57), red.
5. Turn signal on the right (P.74), green.
6. Right gauge (Kch. 52), brown.
7. Not involved. You can connect a reverse gear or a portable lamp. Blue.

As an analogue, you can use a 24 V socket manufactured by BAAZ). Its pinout is the same, only the manufacturer is different.

When choosing the original PS 325, pay attention to the following points:

1. When turning the product over, the lid should not open. It is optimal if it is well spring-loaded and opens only with force from the user.
2. The pins inside should not dangle.
3. In the fake, the holes at the base are very small. You can check this using a special wire crimper.
4. Pay attention to the quality of the internal thread and material. It is very difficult to screw a screw into a fake socket. In addition, the product itself is made of aluminum.

Knowing these points allows you to distinguish a fake from an original and avoid wasting money.