How to check an electric motor. Preparing the multimeter

Visual inspection of the condition of the windings and motor segments revealed areas with darkened wiring or a characteristic odor. The result of destruction of the windings, leads, loose fitting of the lamellas or a short circuit to the housing can result in sparking, the smell of burnt plastic, and a possible fire or electric shock to the worker. You can find the malfunction if you check the vacuum cleaner motor circuit for an open or short circuit with a multimeter. We will tell you how to carry out diagnostics safely, correctly, and in the right sequence.

Algorithm for checking the motor of a Samsung vacuum cleaner

1. Secure the vacuum cleaner motor so that it holds firmly and does not deform from pressure.
2. To check, take a power cord with a plug and two terminals, which must be installed in the place where you removed the working terminals when dismantling the engine.
3. Start the engine and if you see powerful sparks, you need to change the brushes.

If the motor shows no signs of life at all, then you need to look for the break point. First, try to inspect the motor visually. Very often a break occurs at the attachment point, and you will see it. And if you’re even luckier, you’ll even be able to strip and solder the torn wire without having to disassemble the motor for the Samsung vacuum cleaner. In any other case, you will need to completely disassemble the vacuum cleaner motor and check the armature for interturn short circuit. How to disassemble the motor of a vacuum cleaner? The main thing is to carefully unscrew the central nut, and then you just need to remove all the parts strung on it from the shaft. Next you can start checking the anchor.

1. To check you will need a tester. We check the resistance between the armature lamellas with a tester, touching the adjacent lamellas with probes. If the resistance is twice that specified as the norm, then such an armature has a break. There is also a special interturn short circuit indicator, which signals in red if there is a break. The rules for setting up the use of the device are described in detail in the instructions for the interturn short circuit indicator. You should also check the resistance between the lamellas and the armature body. The display should show an infinity indicator.
2. Then you need to check the starter winding terminals in continuity mode. If the circuit is broken, the motor needs to be rewinded or a new motor for the Samsung vacuum cleaner is needed. In the specialized store ALM-zapchasti you can purchase an original engine for a Samsung vacuum cleaner and any other household appliance.

In general, given the hassle of checking a vacuum cleaner motor and the availability of spare parts, many immediately opt for a complete replacement of the motor assembly without trying to disassemble the motor and see what’s wrong. This is exactly what is recommended for all home craftsmen who have no experience in repairing electric motors, but are able to carry out simple mechanical assembly work. For everyone else, it’s better to immediately contact a specialized repair service. Let's hope these tips help you and get your vacuum cleaner working like new again!

Good day everyone! Help others! Yesterday the Vitek 1600W vacuum cleaner was damaged, i.e. it just refused to turn on. I disassembled the case, checked the power from the cord to the contacts of the winding coil - yes, from the contacts to the button - yes, the button is working, power comes to the motor, but it does not turn. The brushes are visually normal. I think the engine has burned out (The question is what is the best way to check it with a multimeter and finally calm down. Thank you all in advance.

Prevention of breakdowns

Vacuum cleaners break down more often than other household appliances, which is due to the installation of high-speed commutator motors in them. Motor cooling is based on airflow, so the operating time of the device without an air jet of proper pressure is no more than 10-15 minutes. If you do not turn off the vacuum cleaner in time, serious malfunctions will arise that require major repairs. To avoid these consequences, you should adhere to certain operating rules based on compliance with operating modes.

1. The degree of filter contamination affects how hot the engine gets. To ensure normal functioning, the filter element must be regularly cleaned of debris and dust.
2. Moisture must not be allowed to enter the engine, so it is better to systematically change the filter to a new one rather than wash it in water. In addition, this significantly reduces throughput and can cause overheating.
3. The vacuum cleaner requires specialized care. Experts recommend replacing the lubricant on the bearings at least twice a year and checking the degree of wear of the graphite motor brushes annually.
4. When the first signs of a malfunction occur, you need to move on to eliminating them, which will guarantee long-term operation and stable operation of the vacuum cleaner for many years.

So, a vacuum cleaner is an important household appliance that is used almost daily. Despite the simple design, breakdowns occur quite often in both foreign and domestic models. The cost of repairs in service centers is often unreasonably high, given the fact that some problems can be eliminated in a few minutes by simply replacing the damaged part. However, most of the work can be done independently.

How to check the vacuum cleaner motor for serviceability

Even before you begin the time-consuming operation of disassembling the motor in search of a malfunction, check whether there is voltage to the vacuum cleaner motor. To do this, you need to remove the cover and measure the load at the input terminal with a multimeter. Checking the operation of the start button, the serviceability of the semistor and the fuse on the motor housing will help prevent deep disassembly of the unit.

Vacuum cleaners have synchronous commutator motors. They operate from single-phase current with a voltage of 220 V. The device consists of a rotating part combined with a shaft - the rotor (armature) and a stationary part - the stator. The collector receives voltage from the network through a transfer unit from graphite brushes. During normal engine operation, the brushes spark moderately. Increased formation of sparks is a reason to inspect the technical condition of the vacuum cleaner engine. How to check a vacuum cleaner motor yourself with a multimeter?

The inspection is carried out visually and instrumentally. A multimeter is used as a tester - a universal device for testing any device that uses electric current. They can measure the resistance of the vacuum cleaner motor in the circuit. This is a convenient way to find an open in a line using a closed circuit.

The meaning of another operation, dialing, is to determine the presence of contact between two wires. Before ringing the vacuum cleaner motor with a multimeter, the mode switch is set to “buzzer” mode. When taking measurements, a sound signal is given for a positive result. This is how they check the serviceability of the fuses and the serviceability of the circuits. This method is used to find a short circuit - when 2 or more wires are soldered together.

In order to find the resistance of the vacuum cleaner motor winding, you need to measure the indicator between adjacent lamellas and it should be the same. In this case, the vanishing resistance of the strip is small; two instruments are used for measurement, an ammeter and a voltmeter. Both of them work in a multimeter. To do this, a 20 Ohm resistor is installed in series with the measurement object. The result is determined by simultaneously taking readings from an ammeter and a voltmeter. Resistance is calculated using the formula R=U/I.

To measure the integrity of the vacuum cleaner motor windings, look for a pair and ring each one in turn, measuring the resistance. The indication “infinity” means a break; it is impossible to determine the location of the damage - a continuity test of the vacuum cleaner motor showed that it is unsuitable for further use. If one output works in different pairs, then a short circuit has been found.

There are additional ways to check the vacuum cleaner engine for serviceability. A breakdown to the housing is determined if at least one wire in contact with the housing shows 0. The measurement between the housing and the copper plates should be equal to infinity. If, when measuring the resistance between the rotor lamellas, the resistance in two adjacent plates is 2 times greater than in the other contacts, you need to look for a break.

Interturn closure cannot be determined at home. But if all the measurements have been carried out, and the electric motor does not start, perhaps this is exactly the case when the malfunction is determined by a special device.

Removing the brushes

Place a screwdriver on the fastening screw one by one and turn it out.

We carefully remove the brush by hand and inspect it.

Traces of soot with the formation of layers of graphite dust are visible to the naked eye.

The same picture is observed on the second brush. Traces of sparking are clearly visible on the end surface.

This allows us to conclude that an external inspection of the commutator and an electrical check of the condition of the rotor and stator windings are necessary.

This cannot be done through a closed engine casing: it requires disassembly and removal of the armature.

Algorithm for checking the motor of a Samsung vacuum cleaner

1. Secure the vacuum cleaner motor so that it holds firmly and does not deform from pressure.
2. To check, take a power cord with a plug and two terminals, which must be installed in the place where you removed the working terminals when dismantling the engine.
3. Start the engine and if you see powerful sparks, you need to change the brushes.

If the motor shows no signs of life at all, then you need to look for the break point. First, try to inspect the motor visually. Very often a break occurs at the attachment point, and you will see it. And if you’re even luckier, you’ll even be able to strip and solder the torn wire without having to disassemble the motor for the Samsung vacuum cleaner. In any other case, you will need to completely disassemble the vacuum cleaner motor and check the armature for interturn short circuit. How to disassemble the motor of a vacuum cleaner? The main thing is to carefully unscrew the central nut, and then you just need to remove all the parts strung on it from the shaft. Next you can start checking the anchor.

1. To check you will need a tester. We check the resistance between the armature lamellas with a tester, touching the adjacent lamellas with probes. If the resistance is twice that specified as the norm, then such an armature has a break. There is also a special interturn short circuit indicator, which signals in red if there is a break. The rules for setting up the use of the device are described in detail in the instructions for the interturn short circuit indicator. You should also check the resistance between the lamellas and the armature body. The display should show an infinity indicator.
2. Then you need to check the starter winding terminals in continuity mode. If the circuit is broken, the motor needs to be rewinded or a new motor for the Samsung vacuum cleaner is needed. In the specialized store ALM-zapchasti you can purchase an original engine for a Samsung vacuum cleaner and any other household appliance.

How to diagnose and fix the problem?

Reasons for vacuum cleaner breakdown

Sometimes the problem is the cord. You've probably noticed that when you put it away, the cord actively dances. Because of this, cracks and creases may appear, then there is no contact, and the vacuum cleaner stops turning on. Take a good look at the cord, especially the end where it enters the housing. And a fork so that there is no damage, creases or other defects on it. If the washing vacuum cleaner does not work because of this, buy a new cord

When you cannot find the reason outside, you need to look for it inside. That is, disassemble the vacuum cleaner:

• Open the case and remove the panel that contains the power buttons and cable wrap.
• Inspect the entire cable, up to the point where it enters the board.
• Plug in the device.
• Check if there is voltage on the line.
• And inspect the cable for defects.

Prevention of breakdowns

Vacuum cleaners break down more often than other household appliances, which is due to the installation of high-speed commutator motors in them. Motor cooling is based on airflow, so the operating time of the device without an air jet of proper pressure is no more than 10-15 minutes. If you do not turn off the vacuum cleaner in time, serious malfunctions will arise that require major repairs. To avoid these consequences, you should adhere to certain operating rules based on compliance with operating modes.

1. The degree of filter contamination affects how hot the engine gets. To ensure normal functioning, the filter element must be regularly cleaned of debris and dust.
2. Moisture must not be allowed to enter the engine, so it is better to systematically change the filter to a new one rather than wash it in water. In addition, this significantly reduces throughput and can cause overheating.
3. The vacuum cleaner requires specialized care. Experts recommend replacing the lubricant on the bearings at least twice a year and checking the degree of wear of the graphite motor brushes annually.
4. When the first signs of a malfunction occur, you need to move on to eliminating them, which will guarantee long-term operation and stable operation of the vacuum cleaner for many years.

So, a vacuum cleaner is an important household appliance that is used almost daily. Despite the simple design, breakdowns occur quite often in both foreign and domestic models. The cost of repairs in service centers is often unreasonably high, given the fact that some problems can be eliminated in a few minutes by simply replacing the damaged part. However, most of the work can be done independently.

The winding has broken

There is nothing surprising about a winding break; this is the most common malfunction in the operation of electric drives. A breakdown can occur in both the stator and the armature.

If one phase in the winding breaks, then there will be no current in this place, but in the second phase the current indicator will be overestimated. This can be measured using the same multimeter in ammeter mode.

In general, this failure is equivalent to a loss of phase. For example, if a break suddenly occurred while the drive was in operation, the engine begins to sharply lose power and overheat. If the protection on the unit is working correctly, it will turn off. Solving the problem basically requires rewinding.

In a situation where a break has occurred in the rotor, the frequency of current oscillation will be equal to the frequency of voltage oscillation and slip. External signs: strong buzzing and vibration, decreased drive speed.

All these are just causes of breakdowns, but they can only be detected if you ring each winding of the electric motor and measure their resistance.

The starting and working windings are connected in those single-phase motors that operate at an alternating voltage of 220 V. The starting winding must produce a resistance that is 150% greater than that of the working winding.

To quickly check the performance of the electric motor, you can also use a function on the multimeter called “Dialing”. If the circuit is working properly, you will hear the characteristic sound of the device, and in some models there is also a light indicator. But if there is a break in the circuit, you will not hear any sound.

Peculiarities

Electricity is supplied to the armature windings of the electric motor using a commutator unit. During operation of the apparatus, the armature rotates, contact appears, the number of revolutions is quite large, this leads to strong friction. The brushes form a “sliding” contact that converts mechanics into electrical energy. Their main task is to remove and supply current to the collectors. Electric current is also removed from the slip rings. The main thing is that the brushes are installed correctly. The kit includes tips with wires aimed at a high-quality fastening mechanism of the bolts located on the brushes.

There are different types:

• graphite – aimed at simple switching, consisting of graphite;
• carbon-graphite - characterized by weak strength, they are often used on equipment with minimal loads;
• electro-graphite – are high-strength, withstand medium contact conditions;
• copper-graphite - have good strength, have strong protection that protects against gases, as well as various liquids.

There are also improved models of brushes in a plastic case. In appearance, they are no different from the above, only they have protection in the form of a housing or a plastic shell.

How to check the vacuum cleaner motor for serviceability

Even before you begin the time-consuming operation of disassembling the motor in search of a malfunction, check whether there is voltage to the vacuum cleaner motor. To do this, you need to remove the cover and measure the load at the input terminal with a multimeter. Checking the operation of the start button, the serviceability of the semistor and the fuse on the motor housing will help prevent deep disassembly of the unit.

Vacuum cleaners have synchronous commutator motors. They operate from single-phase current with a voltage of 220 V. The device consists of a rotating part combined with a shaft - the rotor (armature) and a stationary part - the stator. The collector receives voltage from the network through a transfer unit from graphite brushes. During normal engine operation, the brushes spark moderately. Increased formation of sparks is a reason to inspect the technical condition of the vacuum cleaner engine. How to check a vacuum cleaner motor yourself with a multimeter?

The inspection is carried out visually and instrumentally. A multimeter is used as a tester - a universal device for testing any device that uses electric current. They can measure the resistance of the vacuum cleaner motor in the circuit. This is a convenient way to find an open in a line using a closed circuit.

The meaning of another operation, dialing, is to determine the presence of contact between two wires. Before ringing the vacuum cleaner motor with a multimeter, the mode switch is set to “buzzer” mode. When taking measurements, a sound signal is given for a positive result. This is how they check the serviceability of the fuses and the serviceability of the circuits. This method is used to find a short circuit - when 2 or more wires are soldered together.

In order to find the resistance of the vacuum cleaner motor winding, you need to measure the indicator between adjacent lamellas and it should be the same. In this case, the vanishing resistance of the strip is small; two instruments are used for measurement, an ammeter and a voltmeter. Both of them work in a multimeter. To do this, a 20 Ohm resistor is installed in series with the measurement object. The result is determined by simultaneously taking readings from an ammeter and a voltmeter. Resistance is calculated using the formula R=U/I.

To measure the integrity of the vacuum cleaner motor windings, look for a pair and ring each one in turn, measuring the resistance. The indication “infinity” means a break; it is impossible to determine the location of the damage - a continuity test of the vacuum cleaner motor showed that it is unsuitable for further use. If one output works in different pairs, then a short circuit has been found.

There are additional ways to check the vacuum cleaner engine for serviceability. A breakdown to the housing is determined if at least one wire in contact with the housing shows 0. The measurement between the housing and the copper plates should be equal to infinity. If, when measuring the resistance between the rotor lamellas, the resistance in two adjacent plates is 2 times greater than in the other contacts, you need to look for a break.

Interturn closure cannot be determined at home. But if all the measurements have been carried out, and the electric motor does not start, perhaps this is exactly the case when the malfunction is determined by a special device.

see also

Comments 49

1. The most common problem in such engines is brushes. They are long there, and they are also made of “soap”, as we say. Low graphite content, many impurities, soft and weak to heat. When heated, they become deformed and hang in the brush holders, getting stuck. It is necessary to check that they move freely and are sufficient for contact. 2. They have already written about the thermal fuse, as I see) 3. If the device has been in long-term operation, it is best to completely disassemble the entire motor, check and, if necessary, replace the bearings. The revolutions on the shaft there are high, this is an important point. 4. You cannot check the anchor for a turn without special instruments. There is a shamanic method, but I personally don’t really trust it) The collector lamellas are ringed in pairs. The resistance of the pairs should be the same plus or minus 1%.

Practice shows that if there are no visible melts and deformations of the winding package, then the problem is in the contacts. Brushes, fuse, broken stator.

“Electrical engineering is the science of bad connections.” (With) )))

Well, this is Vitek. what kind of girl did you want

I had the same garbage, after a while it started working. I think it just overheats and stops working for a certain period of time.

until the temperature sensor cools down and closes again)

Such a thing is usually screwed onto the stator iron dalincom.ru/images/201208…/3036_P_1344164333295.jpg this is a thermal fuse. Sometimes they just jam and they stop working. It is better to replace it and under no circumstances remove it from the connection circuit.

You check the field winding (stator), check the brushes themselves and their fit to the commutator. If the engine does not make any attempts to turn at all, then you can try to poke the millimeter probes into the collector plates, thus finding out whether there is voltage on it. You just need to do this very carefully, because if there are problems in the brushes, then contact may appear and the armature will begin to rotate. Most likely there is a problem with the field winding.

Either a thermal break or a break (if you checked the brushes). Use a multimeter to check (first disconnect the power wires) the brush input (2 pcs), the brush (1 pc) and the thermal fuse (1 pc). Unsubscribe what will show

Guys, short circuit is excluded))) Since this is a vacuum cleaner and not a synchrophasetron) The engine has no protection against short circuit, it will rotate and burn...

Thermal protection. An acquaintance gave some of his household appliances for spare parts. The vacuum cleaner and food processor were repaired by completely removing the thermal protection. There was something else with the transformer, I had to strain to get to it, they stuck it under the outer winding.

here's the piss. I thought I was the only one unlucky - the protection was under the primary.

If the engine burns out, then your room will be in smoke and there will be a stink.

Take the motor apart and have a look. Perhaps the end of the brushes has come, perhaps the armature or stator windings. This can also be checked visually; if something is burned, you will see it. In general, an autopsy will show

the problem with all modern vacuum cleaners... they turn off and don’t work... but most likely the problem is thermal protection... they vacuumed with it for a long time, so it probably turned off... cool it down, try again

Tried it, zero emotions

We once had a Vitek 2200 so it sat for 3 days and we thought about taking it to the trash heap, but just before it was taken away it started working))))

Source

Motor repair for a Samsung vacuum cleaner and 3 ways to unscrew the armature fastening nut

The material in the previous article talks about the consequences that can arise as a result of cleaning construction dust and debris with a regular household vacuum cleaner, even from such a brand as Samsung.

We recommend that you read it carefully. The consequences of such errors can be eliminated without disassembling the engine, when it remains intact.

However, it is likely that it has defects that require disassembly. Therefore, we continue to tell you how to repair a vacuum cleaner motor with your own hands and unscrew the armature fastening nut in three ways with a detailed explanation of them with diagrams, photographs and a video.

Based on local conditions, you can use any of them to perform routine repairs.

Which spare parts to choose

If repairing a part is impractical and you just need to replace it, don't take the risk of buying parts from Aliexpress or other similar sites. The best solution would be to opt for original spare parts.

The part composition and shape precision maintained by some manufacturers is extremely difficult to replicate. It is quite possible that a low-quality fake will harm the vacuum cleaner.

A broken vacuum cleaner, like any other equipment that people buy infrequently, can sometimes cause a bad mood. But what could be better than understanding exactly how a household “helper” works, what each of its parts is for, and how to fix each of them? The information provided in this article will help any owner deal with the problem confidently and easily.

How to call: conditions

Before checking the electric motor for malfunction, you must make sure that the cord and plug of the device are absolutely in good working order. Usually, the absence of a disruption in the supply of electric current to the device can be judged by a glowing indicator lamp.

After making sure that electric current is supplied to the electric motor, it is necessary to dismantle it from the device body, while the device itself must be completely de-energized while performing this operation.

Checking the armature and stator of the electric motor is done with a multimeter. The sequence of measurements depends on the model of the electrical unit, and before ringing the electric motor, you should make sure that the measuring device is in working order.

The most common “breakdown” of multimeters is a decrease in battery charge, in which case you can get distorted results of resistance measurements.

Checking asynchronous engines

It is asynchronous motors that are most often used in household units that operate on 220 V. After removing the motor from the equipment, you need to measure the resistance between the motor terminals:

1. Select resistance measurement function and range up to 100 ohms.
2. Connect the lugs to the terminals of the connected winding. Between the middle and the extreme, the normal value is 30-50 Ohms, between the middle and the other extreme 15-20.

It is also important to check for current leakage:

1. Select the resistance measurement function with a range of 2000 kOhm.
2. Connect each terminal in turn to the motor body.
3. There should be no values ​​on the display. If you are using an analog multimeter, the needle does not deviate.

If problems are identified, you will have to disassemble the device to conduct more thorough investigations. An interturn short circuit often occurs. To identify them, a range of 100 Ohms is selected, after which each stator circuit is called. A strong deviation of one reading from another indicates a short circuit in the winding.

Video on how to test a motor with a multimeter:

Checking collector motors

Such motors are used in DC circuits. Before testing the electric motor with a multimeter, it is best to completely disassemble the motor.

On the multimeter, select the resistance measurement function with a range of 200 Ohms. Typically, the stator of an engine of this type has two independent windings, and they need to be tested.

What indicator is considered normal is written in the technical documentation for the engine, but serviceability is indicated by low resistance. If the engine is very powerful, the stator resistance will be very small. In motors with normal power, the winding resistance can be in the range of 5-30 Ohms. To make a continuity test, you need to touch the terminals of the windings with the tips of the multimeter probes. If there is no resistance in at least one circuit, there is no need to use the device.

The rotor of a commutator motor has many windings, but testing the armature is easy. Checking a commutator type motor with a multimeter:

1. Select the resistance measurement function and the range of 200 ohms.
2. Place the probe tips on the manifold so that they are as far apart as possible.
3. If the tester display shows some numbers, without removing the probes, you need to turn the rotor a little so that the other winding connects to the probes.
4. If the readings are almost equal, the armature is fine.

It is also useful to check the device for electrical leakage.

Detailed video on how to check a commutator motor with a multimeter:

Now you know how to check the winding of an electric motor with a multimeter and will be able to test various equipment. Even if you want to know how to test a pump with a multimeter, this article will be useful to you, because gas pumps also have an electric motor. You can also check the engine of your home washing machine. In short, if you know how to use a tester, you can be “friends” with a wide variety of equipment.

If he still knocks out the defense?

After the measurements have been taken, in the event of floating faults, it is not recommended to connect to the network for testing. You can permanently damage the motor without knowing there is a problem. The service center technician will tell you over the phone how to check the motor winding with a multimeter. Under his guidance, it will be easier to determine the type of design and procedure for diagnosing a faulty washing machine.

However, even experienced craftsmen often fail to repair complex cases where the fault is floating. To check the service, you need to use a washing machine; mechanical components are decisive. Motor shaft misalignment is a special case of problems with drum rotation.

Further disassembly

Removing the top engine mount cover

It is simply put on top and crimped around the perimeter in four places.

Dents created at the factory can be carefully smoothed out using pliers.

Then the cover is simply pulled back by hand and removed from the engine housing.

Air pump wheel

There is a fan under the cover. It shows slight damage to the plastic part of the case.

Inside the cover, the layers of dust remaining after purging the engine are clearly visible. They can also be seen in the photo of the fan near the inlet blades.

It stuck to the washer and under it.

Unscrew the mounting screws with a screwdriver.

Dismantling the anchor

Fastening is carried out:

• screws through the upper tab with a compartment for the upper bearing race;
• projections with grooves in the cover;
• lower bearing race.

Screws securing the rotor to the motor stator

We gain access to them immediately after removing the plastic fan housing.

Let's promote them

At the same time, pay attention to the amount of construction dust inside the housing that remains even after it has been blown out from the outside.

Protrusions of the mounting plate that fit into the grooves of the stator housing

They are located next to the mounting screws and provide additional fastening to the rotor.

Using a flat screwdriver, carefully guide them toward the exit from the grooves.

Then we hold the mounting plate with our fingers through the internal holes or hang it on a support. The rotor is still held in place by attaching the outer race of the lower bearing. By the way, it turned out to be additionally glued.

The protruding end of the threaded shaft axis must be protected from damage with a piece of dry hardwood board and struck with a hammer. The rotor will be knocked out of the stator.

Visual inspection

On the rotor, traces of carbon deposits from graphite dust formed as a result of burning brushes and glue on the bearing race are clearly visible.

I tried to remove contamination from the plates in the traditional, careful way: wash with alcohol or its solution using a cotton swab.

The carbon deposits stuck quite strongly to the metal and dissolved very poorly. I had to work with steel bluen. The photo below shows the preliminary result of cleaning, which requires additional polishing of the surfaces.

But, for carrying out electrical measurements this is quite enough. Then comes the cleaning of the grooves between the collector plates from debris, dust and carbon deposits that can bypass the rotor winding chains. At first he worked as a bluer, and then as a scraper made of non-coniferous wood.

Dry and wet cleaning of “internals” from dust

Often the cause of a suspicious hum of a vacuum cleaner and an unpleasant odor is the accumulation of dust inside it. It is better to remove dust using “dry” methods so as not to damage the fragile electronic filling and not to disrupt the function of the conductive paths on the board. A small soft brush is suitable for cleaning. You can also use a room fan. If dust and dirt cannot be removed “dry”, after moisture has entered, all parts must be dried as quickly as possible. Plastic elements can be washed under running water. They should be put back together only after they are completely dry.

The drum and cable are easy to dry clean, as is the plastic motor housing. If the casing cannot be cleaned without using water, make sure that it does not touch the electrical circuit. You can use another vacuum cleaner with a suitable attachment as a dry cleaning tool. This is exactly how dust is removed from motor collector plates and windings. Strong air pressure cleans the board and its small parts well – even with heavy dirt.

Application of a multimeter

Now we need to check the possibility of a break in the stator windings. On the multimeter scale, set the switch to the resistance measurement sector. Without knowing the measurement value, we set the maximum value for your device. We check the functionality of the tester.

We touch each other with our probes. The arrow of the device should show 0. We carry out the work by touching the terminals of the windings. When an infinite value is shown on the multimeter scale, the winding is faulty and the stator should be rewound.

We check the possibility of a short circuit to the housing. Such a malfunction will cause a decrease in the power of the angle grinder, the possibility of electric shock and an increase in temperature during operation. The work is carried out according to the same scheme. Turn on the resistance measurement on the scale.

We place the red probe on the winding terminal, and attach the black probe to the stator housing. If the winding is short-circuited to the housing, the resistance value on the tester scale will be less than on a working one. This malfunction requires rewinding of the stator windings.

It's time to take measurements and check whether there is an interturn short circuit in the stator winding. To do this, the resistance value on each winding is measured. We determine the zero point of the windings by measuring the resistance for each of them. When the device shows the lowest winding resistance, it should be changed.

Visual inspection of the breakdown

Any tool, even the best quality one, is susceptible to breakage. Especially if it is intensively exploited. If the grinder breaks down, you are unlikely to be able to repair the tool yourself. However, a preliminary inspection can be carried out without special skills.

Most often, the anchor fails in angle grinders. The failure may be mechanical. Upon visual inspection, uneven wear of the brushes will be visible, as well as their burning. In addition, if the anchor is faulty, the angle grinder will vibrate and heat up.

There are electrical breakdowns. These include:

• damage to the armature winding;
• the presence of a short circuit in the turns;
• broken resistance between the core and the winding.

Such faults can be identified using special measuring instruments, for example, a multimeter.

Testing the two-phase model

The stator and many other structural elements of a two-phase electric motor have their own distinctive features, which determine the features of the test. The features of checking a two-phase electric motor include the following points:

1. In this case, the resistance on the housing must be checked. A reading that is too low indicates that the stator needs to be rewinded.
2. To obtain more accurate readings, it is recommended to use a megohmmeter, but such a measuring tool is extremely rare at home.

Before testing an electric motor, a visual inspection should be performed. Mechanical damage can lead to serious performance problems.

Source

Commutator synchronous motors

They are used in household devices (mixers, washing machines, electric drills, etc.), therefore they are designed to operate from a 220V network. Their “heart” is an armature consisting of a stationary stator and a winding on the shaft. If the cause of the problem lies there, the check should begin with a visual inspection.

When found:

• burnt out or broken windings;
• burning smell;
• active sparking;
• melted collector lamellas;
• bearing failure;
• disconnecting wiring;

If at first glance the defects are not noticeable, for a more accurate examination you will have to arm yourself with a multimeter. The verification takes place in stages:

• Ring the paired terminals of the stator windings to the lamellas. The resistance readings on each should match.
• Check the resistance between the armature body and the lamellas - ideally it tends to infinity.
• Ring the terminals to check the integrity of the winding.
• Check the condition of the circuit between the armature winding terminals and the stator housing.

The presence of a breakdown in the housing is a sign that the engine requires replacement of broken parts and complete repair. In this case, it is prohibited to connect it to the network.

see also

Comments 49

1. The most common problem in such engines is brushes. They are long there, and they are also made of “soap”, as we say. Low graphite content, many impurities, soft and weak to heat. When heated, they become deformed and hang in the brush holders, getting stuck. It is necessary to check that they move freely and are sufficient for contact. 2. They have already written about the thermal fuse, as I see) 3. If the device has been in long-term operation, it is best to completely disassemble the entire motor, check and, if necessary, replace the bearings. The revolutions on the shaft there are high, this is an important point. 4. You cannot check the anchor for a turn without special instruments. There is a shamanic method, but I personally don’t really trust it) The collector lamellas are ringed in pairs. The resistance of the pairs should be the same plus or minus 1%.

Typical vacuum cleaner breakdowns

The main reasons why vacuum cleaners stop functioning correctly are wear, misuse and power outages. The table below contains the most common faults and the signs by which they can be identified.

Doesn't turn on/off

If the device does not turn on, then the technicians look for the reason in one of three options:

• lack of power supply - there is no power in the switch, plug, socket, the wire is frayed, the power supply circuit of the device is broken;
• overheat protection;
• electric motor failure.

In the first case, any owner familiar with the electrical field will be able to find an open circuit in the power supply circuit. If you don’t have the tool necessary to check the voltage, it’s better to contact a specialist.

The reasons for overheating protection triggering may be violations of operating conditions:

• long-term operation of the unit with an overfilled dust collector;
• insufficient network voltage;
• long cleaning in a hot room.

Most vacuum cleaners have a special relay that turns off the device when it detects overheating. In this case, you need to wait a little until the electrical appliance cools down, after unplugging it from the outlet. Failure of the electric motor requires its repair or replacement - for this you need to contact qualified specialists.

Source

Choosing a new engine

When choosing a new motor, it is important to consider some parameters:

1. vacuum cleaner model;
2. identical shapes of the old and new motor;
3. the presence or absence of a skirt under the impeller;
4. engine power indicated on the motor or body of the vacuum cleaner - it ranges from 1600W to 2200 W;
5. shape of the holes for the motor holder.
6. correspondence of the dimensions of the old and new engines and their impellers.

The vacuum cleaner has become one of the most useful and reliable human assistants. This unit can last a long time with proper care and attention. The user only needs to know and put into practice a few simple rules:

• give the device a chance to rest;
• keep the filters clean;
• change dust collectors on time;
• do not allow impacts on the body and do not use harmful detergents;
• Wipe metal elements dry with a washing vacuum cleaner;
• monitor the rhythm of operation of the unit.

In addition, you should remember that each vacuum cleaner comes with instructions. And before operating any equipment, you must carefully study it in order to learn all the intricacies of use and maintenance inherent in this particular model.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Step-by-step repair of the device motor:

Poor air absorption - searching for causes and eliminating them:

To ensure that your electrical appliance serves you for years, keep the filter elements clean, lubricate and change the bearings in a timely manner, and store the vacuum cleaner correctly.

If minor malfunctions occur, do not rush to spend money on a workshop. Thanks to the proposed instructions, you will be able to independently repair the unit, parts of the vacuum cleaner and save your finances.

Share with readers your experience in repairing a vacuum cleaner. Tell us what the malfunction of the device was and how you managed to repair the equipment. Please leave comments on the article, ask questions and participate in discussions. The contact form is located below.

Vacuum cleaners are a device that you don’t worry about until, when you turn it on, it suddenly stops working/doesn’t suck, etc. Luckily, it's a fairly simple machine and easy to repair yourself. In this guide, we will talk about the main problems and how to fix them. Check the basic items first, then move on to the breakdown.