Magnetic starter PME-211. Connection and application features

The main design element of the PME211 starter is the retractor coil. It is wound with copper wire in enamel insulation. Now its frame is made of plastic. During Soviet times, carbolite was used.

The coil is installed on a stationary W-shaped magnetic circuit. Its already movable part is adjacent to it on top. When voltage is applied to the coil, these two halves are attracted to each other, powering the entire mechanism. In the event of a power failure, the spring again tilts the moving part of the magnetic circuit back to its original state. This movement is transmitted through a mechanical connection to the power and auxiliary contacts of the device.

When triggered, the starter emits a click characteristic of such devices. At this moment, the state of its contacts switches. Those of them that are open at rest are closed. Depending on the modification, another type of contact is possible. Initially, they are in a closed state, but when the PME211 starter is triggered, they open.

Additional Information. You can use an ohmmeter to check the integrity of the control coil wire. If it is not available, a multimeter in diode testing mode will do. A working one will always have some resistance. It ranges from tens to thousands of ohms and depends on the parameters of the winding wire.

Magnetic starter and magnetic contactor

The difference between a magnetic starter and a magnetic contactor is how much load power these devices can switch.

The magnetic starter can be “1”, “2”, “3”, “4” or “5” magnitude. For example, the second magnitude starter PME-211 looks like this:

The names of the starters are deciphered as follows:

• The first sign P is the Starter;
• The second sign M is Magnetic;
• The third character E, L, U, A... is the type or series of the starter;
• The fourth digital digit is the starter size;
• The fifth and subsequent digital characters are the characteristics and types of the starter.

Some characteristics of magnetic starters can be seen in the table

The differences between a magnetic contactor and a starter are very conditional. The contactor performs the same role as the starter. The contactor makes similar connections as the starter, only the electrical consumers have greater power, and accordingly the dimensions of the contactor are much larger, and the contacts of the contactor are much more powerful. The magnetic contactor has a slightly different appearance:

The dimensions of contactors depend on its power. The contacts of the switching device must be divided into power and control. Starters and contactors must be used when simple switching devices cannot control large currents. Due to this, the magnetic starter can be placed in power cabinets next to the power device that it connects, and all its control elements in the form of buttons and push-button switching stations can be located in the user’s work areas. In the diagram, the starter and contactor are indicated by the following schematic sign:

where A1-A2 is the starter electromagnet coil;

L1-T1 L2-T2 L3-T3 power contacts to which the three-phase power voltage (L1-L2-L3) and the load (T1-T2-T3) are connected, in our case an electric motor;

13-14 contacts blocking the engine control start button.

These devices can have electromagnet coils for voltages of 12 V, 24 V, 36 V, 127 V, 220 V, 380 V

When an increased level of safety is required, it is possible to use an electromagnetic starter with a 12 or 24 V coil, and the load circuit voltage can be 220 or 380 V. It is important to know that connected starters for connecting a three-phase motor can provide additional safety in case of accidental loss of voltage in the networks . This is due to the fact that when the current in the network disappears, the voltage on the starter coil disappears and the power contacts open

And when the voltage returns, there will be no voltage in the electrical equipment until the “Start” button is activated. There are several circuits for connecting a magnetic starter.

Magnetic starter size

Magnetic starter PM12

For the correct and long-term operation of PME211, it is important that its characteristics (capabilities) correspond to the parameters of the electrical installation in which it is to be used. The most important of these criteria is the maximum permissible current.

For convenience, all starters are divided into 8 values ​​according to load capacity. They are numbered from 0 to 7. Zero-value starters are capable of switching currents up to 6.3 amperes (A). These devices are mostly used in relay protection and automation circuits. 1st size starters are already more powerful. They are capable of controlling currents up to 10 A. The remaining ratios are as follows:

• 0 – 6.3A;
• 1 – 10 A;
• 2 – 25 A;
• 3 – 40 A;
• 4 – 63 A;
• 5 – 100 A;
• 6 – 160 A;
• 7 – 250 A.

KMI series contactors

Regulatory and technical documentation

In terms of their design and technical characteristics, contactors of the KMI series meet the requirements of Russian and international standards GOST R 50030.4.1,2002, IEC60947,4,1,2000 and have a certificate of conformity ROSS CN.ME86.B00144. According to the All-Russian Product Classification, contactors of the KMI series are assigned code 342600.

terms of Use

Application categories: AC,1, AC,3, AC,4. Ambient temperature – during operation: from –25 to +50 °C (lower limit temperature –40 °C); – during storage: from –45 to +50 °C. Altitude above sea level, no more than: 3000 m. Working position: vertical, with a deviation of ±30°. Type of climatic modification according to GOST 15150.96: UHL4. Degree of protection according to GOST 14254.96: IP20.

When selecting KMI contactors, pay attention to the structure of the symbol

Main technical characteristics

Power Circuit Specifications

Control Circuit Specifications

Connecting the power circuit

Control circuit connection

Technical characteristics of built-in auxiliary contacts

Contactors of the KMI series can be used to create standard electrical circuits.

Reversing electrical circuit

This circuit is assembled from two contactors and a locking mechanism MB 09.32 or MB 40.95 (depending on the type), designed to prevent the simultaneous activation of contactors.

Electrical circuit "star-delta"

This starting method is intended for motors whose rated voltage corresponds to the delta connection of the windings. Star-delta starting can be used for motors starting without load or with reduced load torque (no more than 50% of the rated torque). In this case, the starting current when connected to a “star” will be 1.8–2.6 A of the rated current. Switching from star to delta must be done after the engine reaches its rated speed.

Design and installation features

Connecting clamps ensure reliable fixation of conductors: – for sizes 1 and 2 – with hardened disc washers; – for sizes 3 and 4 – with a clamping bracket that allows you to connect a contact with a larger cross-section.

There are two ways to install contactors:

1. Quick installation on DIN rail:

KMI from 9 to 32 A (dimensions 1 and 2) – 35 mm; KMI from 40 to 95 A (dimensions 3 and 4) – 35 and 75 mm.

1. Installation with screws.

KMI series contactors of 3rd and 4th dimensions allow mounting on a 75 mm DIN rail.

KMI series contactors of the 3rd and 4th dimensions are equipped with a hole for a grounding bolt.

dimensions

Dimensions

KMI 23210, KMI 23211

KMI 34010, MI 34011, KMI 35012, KMI 46512

KMI 48012, KMI 49512

Installation dimensions

Overall and installation dimensions of KMI contactors when mounted on a 35 mm DIN rail

Type Size, mmSDKMI 34010, KMI 3401113174KMI 3501213174KMI 4651213174KMI 4801214284KMI 4951214284

Overall and installation dimensions of KMI contactors when installed on a mounting panel or mounting profile

PME starters

Electromagnetic starters of the PME series are intended for use in stationary installations for remote starting by direct connection to the network, stopping and reversing three-phase asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel-cage rotor at voltages up to 660 V AC, frequency 50 and 60 Hz.

When using thermal relays of the RTT and RTL series together, a magnetic starter can be used to protect controlled electric motors from overloads of unacceptable duration and from currents arising when one of the phases is broken.

The starters can be used to operate in control systems using microprocessor technology when the switching coil is bypassed with an interference suppression device or with thyristor control.

PME decoding, marking.

PME-X1 X2 X3 :

• PME - series of starters;
• X1 - starter size depending on the rated current (0 - 4.0 A; 1 - 10A; 2 - 25A);
• X2 - version of starters according to the degree of protection and the presence of control buttons and a signal lamp: 1 - IP00; 2 - IP40; 3 - IP54;
• X3 - purpose and presence of a thermal relay: 1 - irreversible without a thermal relay; 2—irreversible with thermal relay; 3—reversible without thermal relay; 4—reversible with thermal relay;

Content of precious metals in PME (in grams)

Gold: 0 Silver: from 1.44 to 11.2 (depending on marking) Platinum: 0 PGM (platinum group metals): 0

Main technical parameters of magnetic starters of the PME series

Starters PME-212, PME-214, PME-222 are equipped with electrothermal current relays having thermal elements with non-replaceable heaters for the following rated currents 5; 6.3; 8; 10; 12.5; 16; 20; 25A.

Options for PME starters

Overall dimensions of the PME irreversible starter with a thermal relay

Overall dimensions of PME reversing starter with thermal relay

Overall dimensions of the PME starter in a protective housing

Schematic electrical diagrams of PME irreversible without relay

Schematic electrical diagrams of PME reversible without relay

Schematic electrical diagrams of PME reversible with relay

PME-211 starter device, disassembly

If the electromagnet coil 8 is damaged, partial disassembly of the starter is necessary. To do this, unscrew the screws 15 securing the cover and remove it. Then the screws 11 are unscrewed and the arc-extinguishing chamber 14 is removed, the screws securing the starter housing to the base 9 are unscrewed, and the housing with the traverse assembly is removed from the base. The coil is removed from the core for repair. The core 7 is removed from the base and the shock-absorbing spring and bracket are removed. To repair contacts 2 and 3, use tweezers to carefully lift the contact bridge 17 and rotate it 45-60° along the longitudinal axis, after which it is removed from the contact holder along with flat spring 1. When repairing the magnetic circuit, additionally remove the screws securing the starter to the casing or circuit board and remove the starter, separate the yoke 6 with the traverse 4 from the body, remove the axis 5 and remove the yoke and spring 18 from the traverse. To completely disassemble the starter, it is still necessary to remove from the base 9 auxiliary contacts 10 assembled with bridges and two springs 18, then unscrew the screws 13 securing the fixed contacts and remove them. Auxiliary contacts 10 are removed after unscrewing the fastening screws. After repair and replacement of damaged parts, the starter is assembled after complete disassembly in the following sequence: fixed 3 and auxiliary 10 contacts are installed and secured with screws, a bracket is installed in the socket of the base 9 and a shock-absorbing spring is placed with an upward bend, the core 7 is installed. The coil 8 is put on the core so that so that the output contacts coincide with the current-carrying terminals; install the return springs 18 and the pusher 16 assembled with the bridge 17 into the base. Place the traverse into the socket on the base 12, thread the bridges with springs 1 into the movable contact leads 2. The base 12 with the traverse assembly is installed and secured with screws. Then the starter is secured with screws to the mounting plate or in the casing and the control circuits are installed.

Reversible switching circuit for magnetic starters

The connection diagram for a reversible magnetic starter is used when it is necessary to ensure rotation of the electric motor in both directions. For example, a reversing starter is installed on an elevator, lifting crane, drilling machine and other devices that require forward and reverse movement.

The reversing starter consists of two ordinary starters assembled according to a special circuit. It looks like this:

The connection diagram for a reversible magnetic starter differs from other circuits in that it has two completely identical starters that operate alternately. When the first starter is connected, the engine rotates in one direction, when the second starter is connected, the engine rotates in the opposite direction. If you look closely at the diagram, you will notice that with variable connection of starters, two phases change places. This causes the three-phase motor to rotate in different directions.

To the starter available in the previous diagrams, a second starter “KM2” and additional control circuits for the second starter were added. The control circuits consist of a button “SB3”, a magnetic starter “KM2”, as well as a modified power unit for supplying power to the electric motor. The buttons when connecting a reversing magnetic starter are named “Right”, “Left”, but may also have other names, such as “Up”, “Down”. To protect the power circuits from short circuits, two normally closed contacts “KM1.2” and “KM2.2” were added to the coils, which were taken from additional contacts on the magnetic starters KM1 and KM2. They do not allow both starters to turn on at the same time. In the diagram above, the control and power circuits of one starter are one color and the other starter is a different color, making it easier to understand how the circuit works. When the automatic switch “QF1” turns on, phases “A”, “B”, “C” go to the upper power contacts of the starters “KM1” and “KM2”, and then wait there for switching on. Phase “A” powers the control circuits from the circuit breaker, passes through “SF1” - thermal protection contacts and the “Stop” button “SB1”, goes to the contacts of the “SB2” and “SB3” buttons and remains waiting for a press on one of these buttons . After pressing the start button, the current moves through the auxiliary starting contact “KM1.2” or “KM2.2” to the coil of the starters “KM1” or “KM2”. After this, one of the reversing starters will work. The engine starts to rotate. To start the engine in the opposite direction, you need to press the stop button (the starter will open the power contacts), the engine will turn off power, wait until the engine stops and then press another start button. The diagram shows that the “KM2” starter is connected. At the same time, its additional contacts “KM2.2” opened the power circuit of the coil “KM1”, which will prevent accidental connection of the starter “KM1”.

380 V starter

380V starters are also common, but are more often found in industrial, high-power installations with power from all three phases. The scheme for their inclusion is no more complicated. The difference from connecting to 220 V is that when powered by 380, two opposite phases are supplied to the control coil.

When the “START” button is turned on, the voltage of phases L2 and L3 rushes to the retractor coil of the KM magnetic starter. The latter works. The power contacts of the starter close and the engine starts. At the same time, the normally open blocking contacts K (pickup) are switched on. Next, the current will flow through them, maintaining the starter in the on state, regardless of whether the “START” button is closed. To turn off the engine, just break the control circuit with the “STOP” button. After this, the circuit will return to its original state.

380 V starter connection diagram

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Checking the functionality of the magnetic starter and repairing it

The device is checked by supplying power to the control (additional or block contacts). If a working group is closed, its contacts are tested using a multimeter. A short circuit is then triggered to test the protective relay.

Any switching device consists of elements of similar design. Therefore, repair of a magnetic starter is carried out according to the general principle: search for a faulty unit, restoration or replacement.

The mechanical parts (bridge, pressure or return spring) are replaced, the contacts can be cleaned. The control coil is rewound, or the burnt coil is restored by soldering.

Carrying out preparatory work

Before connecting the thermal relay and the magnetic section, you must remember that you are working with an electrical device. That is why, in order to protect yourself from electric shock, you need to de-energize the area and check it. For this purpose, most often, a special indicator screwdriver is used.

The next stage of preparatory work is to determine the operating voltage of the coil. Depending on the manufacturer of the device, you can see the indicators on the body or on the reel itself.

Important! The operating voltage of the coil can be 220 or 380 Volts. If you have the first indicator, you need to know that phase and zero are supplied to its contacts

In the second case, this means the presence of two opposite phases.

The stage of correctly identifying the coil is quite important when connecting a magnetic starter. Otherwise, it may burn out while the device is operating.

To connect this equipment you must use two buttons:

• start;
• stop.

The first of them can be black or green. This button is characterized by permanently open contacts. The second button is red and has permanently closed contacts.

When connecting a thermal relay, it is necessary to remember that the phases are switched on and off using power contacts. The zeros that approach and depart, as well as the conductors that ground, must be connected to each other in the terminal block area. In this case, the starter must be removed. These devices are not switched.

In order to connect a coil whose operating voltage is 220 Volts, you need to take a zero from the terminal block and connect it to the circuit that is intended for the operation of the starter.

Production

The production of PME-211 magnetic starters in Russia has almost ended. Due to difficult economic conditions, the production of contactors has almost ceased, however, over the past five years, several competitive factories have been restored and managed to work at full capacity. This type of starter is gradually beginning to be replaced by cheaper and easier to maintain contactors of both domestic and foreign production.

The starter housing is made of carbolite; this material does not conduct electric current and is the most convenient. The core, as described above, consists of electrical steel plates insulated from each other to avoid the occurrence of eddy currents. The contact and contact surfaces are made smooth to avoid buzzing.

Power and auxiliary contacts are made of brass with silver soldering. Silver helps avoid arcing and also has greater shock resistance during switching on and off.

The retractor coil of the PME-211 magnetic starter is made of copper wire. The diameter of the wire and the number of turns vary depending on the rated voltage at which the starter will operate. It should be remembered that the coil must be supplied with a voltage corresponding to the rated voltage, otherwise the coil will fail in the same way as the contactor itself.

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Magnetic starter connection diagrams.

The first, classic scheme, is intended for the usual start of an electric motor: the “Start” button is pressed - the engine turns on, the “Stop” button is pressed - the engine turns off. Moreover, instead of a motor, you can connect any load, for example, a powerful heating element.

For ease of understanding, the circuit is divided into two parts: power part

and
control circuits
.

Power section

powered by three-phase alternating voltage 380V with phases “A” “B” “C”.
The power part includes: three-pole circuit breaker QF1
, three pairs of power contacts of the magnetic starter
1L1-2T1
,
3L2-4T2
,
5L3-6T3
and a three-phase asynchronous electric.
engine M.
_

Control circuit

receives power from phase “A”.
The control circuit diagram includes the SB1
“Stop” button, the
SB2
“Start” button, the magnetic starter coil
KM1
and its auxiliary contact
13NO-14NO
, connected
in parallel with
the “Start” button.

When turning on the QF1

phases “A”, “B”, “C” arrive at the upper contacts of the magnetic starter
1L1
,
3L2
,
5L3
and are on duty there.
Phase “A”, which supplies the control circuits, comes through the “Stop” button to contact No. 3
of the “Start” button, the auxiliary contact of the starter
13NO
and also remains on duty at these two contacts. The circuit is ready for use.

When you press the “Start” button, phase “A” hits the coil of the KM1

, the starter is triggered and all its contacts are closed.
Voltage appears at the lower power contacts 2T1
,
4T2
,
6T3
and from them is supplied to the electrical circuit. engine. The engine starts to rotate.

You can release the "Start" button and the engine will not turn off, since using the auxiliary contact of the starter 13NO-14NO

, connected
in parallel to
the “Start” button,
self-recovery
.

It turns out that after releasing the “Start” button, the phase continues to flow to the coil of the magnetic starter, but through its 13NO-14NO

. In the lower figure, the arrow shows the movement of phase “A”.

And if there is no self-recovery, you will have to keep pressing the “Start” button all the time while the electric power is working. motor or any other load powered by a magnetic starter.

To turn off email. engine, just press the “Stop” button: the circuit will break, the control voltage will stop flowing to the starter coil, the return spring will return the core with the power contacts to its original position, the power contacts will open and disconnect the engine from the three-phase supply voltage.

Now let's look at the editing room

starter control circuit diagram. Here everything is almost the same as in the circuit diagram, with the slight exception of the implementation of self-retaining.

In order not to pull an extra wire to the “Start” button, a jumper is placed between the coil output and one of the nearby auxiliary contacts: in this case it is “ A2

" and "
14NO
".
And from the opposite auxiliary contact the wire runs directly to contact No. 3
of the “Start” button.

Well, you and I have analyzed a simple classic diagram for connecting a magnetic starter. Also, on one starter you can assemble an automatic transfer switch (ATS) circuit, which is designed to ensure uninterrupted power supply to consumers.

Well, if you have any questions or doubts about the operation of the starter, then watch the video, from which you will additionally obtain the necessary information.

The next circuit will be a little more complicated than this one, since it will involve two magnetic starters and three buttons and this circuit is called reversible. Using such a scheme, it will be possible, for example, to rotate the engine left or right, raise and lower the winch.

Until then, goodbye. Good luck!

Magnetic starter

The magnetic starter PME-211 consists of a collapsible housing, an electromagnet, contacts, both power and auxiliary (locking). In the lower part of the carbolite body there is a core with a retractor coil. At the top there are power contacts, which are connected to the movable core and when the coil is triggered, they are retracted, thereby closing the power contacts. The PME-211 magnetic starter also has auxiliary contacts, or, as they are also called, blocking contacts. When the power ones close, they block power to the contactor coil. This eliminates the need to constantly press the start button.

The magnetic starter has a protective cover on top that covers the power contacts. The core consists of layers of special ferromagnetic steel, interconnected into a single shape.

Purpose of magnetic starters PME-211

The direct and most common purpose of magnetic starters is to start powerful three-phase electric motors. Using several starters, you can get a reverse circuit. With this connection, two devices are involved in the operation. The direction of rotation of the motor will depend on which one is currently turned on. Similar assemblies are also sold ready-made. They must have a mechanical or electrical interlock. This system prevents the simultaneous activation of both starters. Otherwise, an interphase short circuit will occur, which can lead to equipment failure. Using PME 211, the reverse connection diagram is shown below.

Additional Information. The direction of rotation of an asynchronous motor depends on the phase sequence. That is, if you swap any two of them (L1 and L3 or L1 and L2), the drive will start moving in the other direction. The operation of the reverse circuit is based on this property of engines. When the 1st starter is turned on, there is one phase order, when the 2nd starter is turned on, there is another.

Another connection of starters is three-phase motor protection. It ensures the safe operation of the latter. To power an electric motor, it is necessary to have three phases, i.e. L1, L2 and L3. If one of them is missing, for example, due to a broken cable or burnt contacts of the starter, the drive windings will inevitably fail. To prevent such an emergency situation, a circuit with three magnetic starters is used. It is assembled in such a way that if any of the three phases are lost, the remaining two are automatically turned off. The engine simply stops, but remains operational.

Decoding of magnetic starters of the PME series

You can determine what characteristics the PME 211 has by looking at its markings. Its task is to fit as much useful information about it as possible into a minimum number of characters. This way you can significantly save the recording size.

Magnetic starter PML

In the marking of magnetic starters, the first characters indicate the product series. The three subsequent numbers determine the size of the starter (1), its dust, water and moisture resistance class (2) and indicate the presence of additional structural elements (3). The following symbols (under No. 4) indicate the climatic design of the starter and the conditions necessary for its correct operation. The last letter is the wear resistance class (low, medium or high)

Important! The starter has a limited resource of on and off cycles. This is taken into account when designing electrical circuits. If possible, the number of switchings per unit of time is kept to a minimum.

Decoding the PME-211 markings

Additional functions

When the magnetic starter itself is not enough to assemble the required circuit, additional equipment is used that is designed to expand the capabilities of this device. The most commonly used third-party peripherals are:

• Thermal relay. Serves to protect motors from overcurrent. If the latter is exceeded, the magnetic starter will turn off after a specified time. This, in turn, will stop the engine and prevent its failure.
• Additional block contacts. Used to connect the starter to third-party devices (alarm).
• Indicator lamps. Inform the equipment operator about the on or off state of the starter, respectively, the engine or other load.

Blocking contacts
The PME211 magnetic starter has established itself as one of the most successful solutions for controlling motors with power up to 11 kW. A wide range of control voltages and the ability to connect additional equipment allow you to solve problems of any complexity with its help.

Starter 220 V

Starters with 220 V control coils are among the most common. To trigger them, it is enough to connect normal mains voltage, for example, from a household outlet.

This property makes it possible to conveniently use the PME211 220 V magnetic starter in low-power single-phase networks or relay protection and automation devices. During electrical installation, as a rule, the control button interrupts the phase wire. This is done for security reasons. A typical circuit for switching on a motor using a 220 V magnetic starter is presented below.

220 V starter connection diagram

Magnetic starter connection diagram

The diagram contains the following elements:

QF – circuit breaker contacts

KM1 – magnetic starter contacts

P – thermal relay. Provides overload protection

M – electric motor

If you use a magnetic starter connection diagram for an asynchronous electric motor (circulating or sharpening machine, compressor), then you need to know that a three-phase load (electric motor) may fail if additional protection is not installed. For example, one wire is burnt out, and the electric motor operates on two phases, this is called “single-phase operation,” which can lead to burnout of the motor windings. In this case, only thermal protection will prevent the electric motor from “burning out”. This is a thermal relay or thermal release of a circuit breaker, but correctly selected. Monitor the choice of thermal protection and the rated current of the circuit breaker. If the electric motor is 2.2 kW, then it is unlikely that a 25 A circuit breaker will protect against overload and most likely the electric motor will burn out.

If the electric motor does not rotate in the desired direction, then it is necessary to change the phase order on the starter or circuit breaker. If three phases A, B and C were connected to the machine, then make connections B, A and C. In the same way, self-propelling of a three-phase induction electric meter is eliminated.

If it is necessary to turn on the electric motor in different directions, then install a reverse start. This could be a beam crane in a workshop where it is necessary to rotate the electric motor in both directions.

Types of starters and technical characteristics

At the top there are power contacts, which are connected to the movable core and when the coil is triggered, they are retracted, thereby closing the power contacts. This means that the voltage of the control network must also be V. For example, the PKI set-top box. It simply gives a signal to turn off.

May the electrician gods forgive me, I’ll tell you and show you how I know.

Scheme: connecting a non-reversing starter When connecting a reversing contactor to an asynchronous motor, you must act carefully, since connecting two circuit starters at the same time will lead to a short circuit. The operating principle of a thermal relay is the same as in a circuit breaker.

In this case, the blocking can be either mechanical or through blocking contacts.

After completing the above steps, the electric motor will be turned off and ready for subsequent start-up from the push-button station.

Equipped with power, or main, as well as signal, or auxiliary, contacts. The power contacts of the thermal relay allow you to connect it to the starter directly, without wires. What is the reason and how to eliminate it. The core, as described above, consists of electrical steel plates insulated from each other to avoid the occurrence of eddy currents. connecting a reversing magnetic starter